1. What were the conflicts between the northern and southern states?
We the People - Lesson Thirteen

2. Economy in the Northern and Southern States
Northern States:
Farming
Fishing
Merchants
Bankers
Manufacturing
Center of shipping and trade with other nations - in direct competition with Great Britain’s shipping and manufacturing industries
Workers paid wages
Southern States:
Almost completely agricultural
Cotton, Tobacco, Indigo
Plantations - slave labor
Products sold to Northern states - mainly Great Britain and other nations

3. Conflicts over Tariffs
Economic differences caused conflicts with Northern and Southern states
Disagreed over protective tariffs (import tax)
Northern Position:
Protective tariffs necessary to allow their business to be competitive with Great Britain - Buy American!!!
Wanted national government to have control over trade between states and other countries
Southern Position:
Tariffs would increase manufacturing cost
Unfairly favored the North
Afraid England would tariff products from South
Fewer citizens in South - afraid they might have less power than North in Congress

4. Conflicts Over Slavery
Slavery practiced over many parts of the world for over 2,000 years
Many Framers against slavery
Many in South depended on slaves as workers
Considered personal property
Delegates form three Southern states refused to be part of a national government that denied citizens’ rights to own and import slaves

5. Slave Population - 1790 Census
Connecticut ,946 / 2,764
Delaware ,096 / 8,887
Georgia ,548 / 29,264
Maryland ,728 / 103,036
Massachusetts ,787 / 0
New Hampshire ,885 / 158
New Jersey ,139 / 11,423
New York ,120 / 21,234
North Carolina ,751 / 100,572
Pennsylvania ,373 / 3,737
Rhode Island ,825 / 948
South Carolina ,073 / 107,094
Virginia ,737 / 292,627

6. Compromises made to get Southern states to sign the Constitution
Served interests of both North and South
Article I; Section 8
1. To lay and collect taxes, duties,imposts, and excises, . . .
3. To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes;
Article I; Section 9
1. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the states now existing shall think proper admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year (1808) . . .
Article IV - Fugitive Clause
Slaves that escape must be returned to their owners

7. 3/5 Clause

8. Developing Compromises to form the Union
Class will meet and develop a plan for dealing with the issues of tariffs and slavery. This plan should make it possible for all states to join the Union.
Select a spokesperson to present the plan to the entire class. Then, all members of the committee may help to clarify the plan. They should also help defend it against the criticisms by members of the other committees.
Each committee may then revise its plan, if it wishes, and put it on the chalkboard or chart paper.
Entire class will compare plans and try to reach an agreement on a plan. Then class will compare their plan with that of the Framers.

9. Seatwork Center Questions
What important differences of opinion existed between in the northern and southern states? Which of these do you think was the most controversial? Why?
What fundamental ideas about constitutional government were violated by the compromise reached between the northern and southern delegates?
Are there other ways that the issue of slavery could have been resolved at the convention? Explain your position.