1. The Great Triumvirate
Clay, Calhoun, Webster

2. Henry Clay Started out as a lawyer in Kentucky One of the “War Hawks”
Favored war with Great Britain
Served various terms as Speaker of the House and was Secretary of State from
Front-running advocate of the American System, which favored raising tariffs to promote industry in the U.S.

3. Known as the “Great Compromiser” for his ability to arbitrate settlements between groups; most notably the 3/5’s Compromise
Very influential in the Nullification Crisis and in dealing with the issue of slavery in America
Negotiated the Treaty of Ghent
Opposed the National Bank

4. Formulated the 1833 Compromise which gradually reduced the cost of tariffs for 10 years, which halted South Carolina from seceding from the Union

5. Daniel Webster Started out as a lawyer and a school teacher
Favored Federalism
Attended Dartmouth College
Known as the “Great Orator”
Spoke out against the War of 1812
Voted against 2nd U.S. Bank
Selected to the Rockingham Convention

6. Elected to the House of Representatives in 1812
Opposed tariffs, favored free trade
Highly regarded for his intelligence
Many Supreme Court decisions were molded from Webster’s ideals

7. Webster’s Cases 1. Dartmouth College Case 2. McCulloch vs. Maryland
3. Gibbons vs. Ogden
“2nd Reply to Hayne”- federal and state government were both agents of the people
This strengthened Union sentiment throughout the North

8. Webster’s support of Jackson pushed Calhoun to side with Clay
Webster was against the 1833 Compromise which reduced the tariff
Webster refused to be Vice-President to Harrison
Opposed annexation of Texas and th Mexican War
Supported Compromise of 1850

9. John C. Calhoun Democrat-Republican U.S. Vice-President
Main public figure of the South
Yale graduate
Teamed with Clay to engage in war with Great Britain
Favored protective tariffs in 1816, but was inconsistent on the issue as well as many other issues

10. Secretary of War under Monroe
Pivotal in fostering the West Point Military Academy
VP under J.Q. Adams & Jackson (resigned in 1832 over tariff issue)
Strong nationalist initially, then favored particularism
“Bill of Abominations” protecting higher tariffs was passed which angered the South and Calhoun

11. The South did not manufacture goods (agricultural), so did not benefit from the tariff
Calhoun now views North as a selfish entity

12. Views on Jackson
Favored reprimanding of Jackson for his tactics in the First Seminole War
His wife Floride angered Jackson for her role in the Maggie Eaton affair
Attacked Jackson’s “Spoils System”
Opposed removal of government deposits from the Bank of the U.S.

13. “Force Bill”
Webster felt the Federal Government should have total say; Calhoun endorsed state’s rights
This was the 1st intellectual duel between Webster and Calhoun
1833 Compromise-gradually reduced the tariff over a 10 year span
Calhoun and the South did not like any criticism of their beliefs

14. Calhoun dedicated the last segment of his life to the protection of Southern interests

15. 2000 Election
Problems with the Ballot Machines = only approximate totals
Unclear results mandated a recount of the votes between Gore and Bush
Very controversial matter
Widely disputed; suspicious allegations around the nation