1. The Structure of the New Government

2. The National Government

3. Checks and Balances

4. The Federal System

6. Articles of Confederation vs. the Constitution ISSUEARTICLESCONSTITUTION Representation of States Each state received one vote regardless of size. Each state receives 2 votes in the Senate; the number of votes in the House of Representatives is based on the population in each state. Executive There was no separate executive branch. The President merely presided over Congress. President is chief administrator, commander in chief of military, chooses the Cabinet, and has checks on the power of the other two branches.

7. 3/5/2014 O Essential Question(s): What role should the government play in protecting rights? O Do Now: O Open Notes Quiz. Objectives: Contrast federalist and anti- federalist arguments (12.6.1.12.A.2.d) Explain how and why the Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution Trace the expansion of voting rights throughout American history (6.1.12.A.1.b). Homework: Begin Unit 1 Study Guide.

8. Articles of Confederation vs. the Constitution ISSUEARTICLESCONSTITUTION Amending the Document Unanimous agreement among the states was needed to amend the Articles. 2/3 of both houses of Congress plus 3/4 of state legislatures or a national convention are needed to amend the Constitution. Federal Courts There was no system of federal courts. The Supreme Court has final say on all matters of federal law; Congress has the power to create and organize lower federal courts.

9. Articles of Confederation vs. the Constitution ISSUEARTICLESCONSTITUTION Regulation of Trade The natl government did not have the power to regulate interstate trade. Congress has the power to regulate trade between the states. Raising an Army Congress was dependent on states to (voluntarily) contribute forces. Congress can call up state militias (National Guard) in times of national emergency. Taxes Congress could only request that states pay taxes. Congress can levy taxes and tariffs in order to pay debts & provide for the common defense and general welfare of the U.S.

10. Articles of Confederation vs. the Constitution ISSUEARTICLESCONSTITUTION Disputes Between States There was a complicated system of arbitration. The federal court system handles disputes between states and between citizens of different states. Passing Laws 9 of the 13 states were needed to approve legislation. 50% plus 1 vote in both houses of Congress and the president's signature is needed pass a law. Sovereignty Most government power resides in the states. The Constitution is the supreme law of the nation.

11. For Further Research Charters of Freedom: http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/c onstitution.html http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/c onstitution.html Bill of Rights Institute: http://billofrightsinstitute.org/ http://billofrightsinstitute.org/ Constitution for Kids: http://www.usconstitution.net/constkids.html http://www.usconstitution.net/constkids.html Exploring Constitutional Law: http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/ conlaw/home.html http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/ conlaw/home.html

12. Government Sites Senate: http://www.senate.gov/ http://www.senate.gov/ House of Representatives: http://www.house.gov/ http://www.house.gov/ White House: http://www.whitehouse.gov/ http://www.whitehouse.gov/ Supreme Court: http://www.supremecourt.gov/ http://www.supremecourt.gov/