1. (8th) Chapter 7-1 Cornell Notes
“Understanding Solutions”

2. (8th) Chapter 7-1 Cornell Notes
Key Questions
1. What are the characteristics of solutions, colloids, and suspensions?
2. How do solutes affect the freezing point and boiling point of a solvent?

3. (8th) Chapter 7-1 Cornell Notes
Key Terms
solution-
solvent
solute
colloid
suspension

4. (8th) Chapter 7-1 Cornell Notes
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solution:
mixture solvent and one or more solutes;
solvent:
largest amount in a solution;
solute:
smallest part in solution, dissolved by solvent;
solution homogeneous, solute particles too small to see.

5. (8th) Chapter 7-1 Cornell Notes
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water:
“universal solvent;
life dependent on water;
Examples: tree sap, blood, saliva, tears.

6. (8th) Chapter 7-1 Cornell Notes
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solvents not always water;
can be any combination gases/liquids/solids.

7. (8th) Chapter 7-1 Cornell Notes
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Mixtures also include colloids and suspensions;
colloid:
mixture containing small, undissolved particles;
particles larger than in a solution;
too small to see easily but still scatters light beams;
same properties throughout;
Examples: fog, gelatin, mayonnaise, shaving cream.

8. (8th) Chapter 7-1 Cornell Notes
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(8th) Chapter 7-1 Cornell Notes
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suspension:
particles easily seen, easy to separate out w/ filtration or settling;
does not have same properties throughout;
some particles different sizes.

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solution:
solvent particles surround/separate solute particles,
ionic solid + water: (-) and (+) ions separated by water molecules (conducts electricity);
molecular solid + water: breaks down into neutral molecules (does not conduct electricity).

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(8th) Chapter 7-1 Cornell Notes :
solutes lowers freezing point of solvents (harder for solvent to form crystals;
raises boiling point of solvents (more E needed to escape as a gas.