1. The Road to the Civil War
1850s
The Road to the Civil War
1, 7, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 27, 50, 52
1, 3

2. Compromise of 1850 Statehood for CA caused aNorth/South crisis
Stephen Douglas, Henry Clay and Daniel Webster fight for compromise.
Provision for a new Fugitive Slave Law
Slave trade in the District of Columbia
Admission of California into the Union as a free state
Future of slavery in the Mexican Cession territories- Popular Sovereignty

3. Popular Sovereignty
The settlers in a given territory have the sole right to decide (vote) whether or not slavery will be permitted there.
Popular sovereignty was invoked in
the Compromise of 1850
Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854).
The tragic events in “Bleeding Kansas” exposed the doctrine's shortcomings

4. Jumpstarted abolitionist movement
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel which brought home the evils of slavery to many in the North
Jumpstarted abolitionist movement

5. Kansas-Nebraska act of 1854
Stephen Douglas desires a Northern route for a railway and proposes K-N Act
The question of slavery decided by "popular sovereignty
The Nebraska Territory was to be divided into two units — Kansas and Nebraska
Since Kansas is next to slave Missouri, it was thought the south would agree to the terms
Reopened the issue of slavery in a territory North of 36, 30
The effect of this proposal was to repeal the Missouri Compromise

6. Bleeding Kansas Horace Greeley description
the violent hostilities between pro and antislavery forces starting with 1855 election.
The Raid on Lawrence, Kansas. 1856, by proslavery men.
The Pottawatomie Creek Massacre
retaliation for the Lawrence raid
John Brown hacked to death pro-slavery men
Further divide the Democratic Party, up to 300 deaths in Kansas- Pierce unable to respond.

7. Republican Party
Formed as opposition to the further expansion of slavery into the territories
Spontaneous outpouring of anger following passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act
Northern Whigs united in their opposition to the Kansas-Nebraska Act

8. The Know-Nothing movement
Republican Party
The Free-Soil Party
The Know-Nothing movement
Northern Democrats who deserted their Southern cousins over the slavery issue

9. Dred Scott v. Sanford 1857
A slave taken from Missouri to Illinois, a free state. Scott sues for his freedom.
Roger Taney, the Supreme Court Chief Justice stated that Black people were not citizens of the United States.
He removed restrictions against the spread of slavery into the Western Territories

10. A slave was the property of the slave owner
Dred Scott v. Sanford
A slave was the property of the slave owner
Congress, under the Fifth Amendment, lacked the authority to deprive citizens of their property
ruling that served to wipe out the slavery provisions of the Missouri Compromise.

11. John Brown’s Attack on Harper’s Ferry, October 1859
Brown, A radical abolitionist wanted to start a slave rebellion in Virginia. He attacked Harper’s Ferry, VA
The impact of John Brown's raid was felt in both the North and the South.
In the North, Brown became a martyr in the eyes of the abolitionist minority.
Denounced by many Northern moderates

12. John Brown’s Attack on Harper’s Ferry
Slave owners were increasingly convinced that the North was preparing for a widespread armed attack.
Others in the South became terrified at the prospect of a general slave insurrection;
these fears led to tightening of slave laws throughout the South.

13. Lincoln Douglas Debates of 1858
Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas debate in an Illinois Senatorial election
The main topic is the legality of slavery in the territories
Douglas supports popular sovereignty and wins the election

14. Lincoln Douglas Debates
Lincoln asks Douglas…” Can a territory vote down slavery despite the Dred Scott Decision”
Douglas responds “Territories can refuse to pass laws that protect slavery” This Freeport Doctrine Divides the Democratic Party North/South.
Douglas wins the election…But Lincoln becomes President

15. Abraham Lincoln 1858
“A House divided cannot stand. I believe this governmnt cannot endure; permanently half slave and half free”
How does this statement reflect the Freeport Doctrine?

16. Election of 1860 Lincoln’s position on slavery
Slavery should not be allowed to expand into the territories
The republicans won control of the presidency but not congress
No candidate received a majority of the popular vote
The popular and electoral votes were divided among four candidates
A major consequence of the election was that several southern states seceded from the union.