1. World Organisation for Animal Health Created in 1924 in Paris, France

2. 167 Member Countries ( 2004)
Americas : 29 – Africa : 50 – Europe : 49 – Middle East : 13 – Asia : 26

3. Objectives
To ensure transparency in the global animal disease and zoonosis situation
To collect, analyse and disseminate scientific veterinary information
To provide expertise and encourage international solidarity in the control of animal diseases
Within its mandate under the WTO SPS Agreement, to safeguard world trade by publishing health standards for international trade in animals and animal products
To improve the legal framework and resources of national Veterinary Services
To provide a better guarantee of the safety of food of animal origin and to promote animal welfare through a science-based approach

4. Regional Representations
INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE
Administrative Commission
Specialist Commissions TAHSC, BSC, AAHSC, SCAD
Regional Commissions
Africa, Americas, Europe, Asia- Far East and Oceania, Middle East
Central Bureau
Director General
Collaborating Centres
Reference Laboratories
Ad hoc Groups
Working Groups
Administrative
and Financial
Department
Animal Health
Information
Department
International Trade
Department
Scientific and
Technical
Department
Regional Activities
Department
Publications
Department
Regional Representations

5. Updating international standards
COMMITTEE, COMMISSIONS, DELEGATES
PROBLEM
Specialist
Commissions
Updating international standards
Review
Advice of experts or other Specialist Commissions
Draft text 1 2
Comments
DELEGATES
COMMITTEE
OIE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
Adoption

6. OIE Scientific and Technical Department (STD): Functions
To assist the Director General by:
Providing advice on scientific and technical matters
Organising and providing support to the Specialist Commissions and Working Groups
Updating the Manuals and coordinating the activities of the Reference Laboratories and Collaborating Centres
Organising Conferences, Seminars and Workshops
Selecting experts to address specific topics (Conferences, seminars, reports, scientific publications, etc.)
Providing answers to scientific and technical questions from OIE Member Countries
Representing the OIE at relevant international conferences and meetings

7. OIE STD: Functions (cont.)
Provide, in association with other organisations, the scientific expertise for major scientific projects :
e.g. PACE project with AU/IBAR
ALIVE project with international organisations such as the World Bank
GF-TADS with FAO
OIE/FAO common actions for the Control of Avian Influenza in SEA
SEAFMD/ASEAN
EU Concerted Action for FMD and CSF EFSA (Scientific committee)
EU Global Platform for the Control of Animal Diseases

8. OIE STD: Personnel and duties
Mrs Kokoe Sodji, General Secretariat
Ms Martine Risser, Graphic Designer/Secretary
Ms Sara Linnane, Scientific Editorial work
Mrs Marie Teissier, Documentalist
Dr. F. Diaz, Scientific Secretariat for Test Validation
Dr Dewan Sibartie, Deputy Head
Dr Alejandro Schudel, Head

9. OIE STD: Specialist Commissions
Scientific Commission for Animal Diseases (Scientific Commission); created in 1946.
Biological Standards Commission (Laboratories Commission); created in 1949.
Aquatic Animal Health Standards Commission (Aquatic Animals Commission); created in 1960.

10. OIE STD: Scientific Commission
Prof. Vincenzo Caporale, President
Dr K. Sakamoto, Vice-President
Dr Federico Stoessel, Secretary-General
Dr Gavin R. Thompson, Member
Dr Gideon K. Brückner, Member

11. OIE STD: Scientific Commission (contd)
Founded in 1946 and composed of five specialists as members , this Commission assists in identifying the most appropriate strategies and measures for animal disease prevention and control. It also examines Member Country submissions regarding their animal health status with respect to certain diseases (see OIE 'Disease-free' status and 'Disease-free' recognition procedures). The Commission is elected by the International Committee for a three-year term.

12. International recognition of freedom from diseases
OIE STD: Scientific Commission (contd)
International recognition of freedom from diseases
Rinderpest (RP)*
Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP)*
Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD)*
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)*
*Dossier ( to be sent by the Member Country to the Director General

13. OIE STD: Scientific Commission (contd)
Country freedom declaration
DEFINITION, according to the Terrestrial Code Chapter
QUESTIONNAIRES, established by the Scientific Commission (web site)
DOSSIERS, Member Country proposals
MISSIONS, expert mission to countries if necessary
REPORT, from the corresponding Ad hoc Group.
Recommendation from the Scientific Commission*
Approval by the OIE International Committee
* Certain decisions can be made by the Scientific Commission-Fast track procedure.

14. OIE STD: Scientific Commission (contd)
Ad hoc Groups (2004–2005)
FMD Country Status recognition
BSE Country Status recognition
Rinderpest Country Status recognition
CBPP Country Status recognition
Epidemiology
Antigen and vaccine banks
Carcass Disposal

15. OIE STD: Scientific Commission (contd)
Surveillance for FMD
Surveillance for Avian Influenza
Surveillance for Bluetongue
Surveillance for Aujeszky’s disease
Surveillance for Classical Swine Fever
Emerging Diseases
Tuberculosis
Expert Group on Atypical BSE

16. OIE STD: Scientific Commission (contd)
International Conferences
OIE/IABs International Conference on the Control of Infectious Animal Diseases by Vaccination, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 13–16 April 2004

17. OIE STD: Working Group Working Group on Wildlife Diseases
Founded in 1994, this Working Group informs and advises the OIE on all health problems relating to wild animals, whether in the wild or in captivity. It reviews scientific publications on the surveillance and control of the most important specific wildlife diseases and provides advice to the OIE. The Working Group comprises world-leading scientific experts in relevant areas.

18. OIE STD: Working Group (contd)
Members of the Working Group on Wildlife Diseases
Dr Roy Bengis, President (South Africa)
Dr T. Mörner (Sweden)
Dr M. Artois (France)
Dr C.M. Bunn (Australia)
Dr M.H. Woodford (United Kingdom)
Dr J. Fisher (United States of America)

19. OIE STD: Working Group (contd)
OIE Working Group on Wildlife Diseases questionnaire on wildlife disease occurrence (focal point on each country)
Up-date on new and emerging diseases in wildlife populations
Performance of diagnostic tools for wildlife species

20. OIE STD: Biological Standards Commission
Founded in 1949 and composed of three specialists as members, this Commission examines or approves methods for diagnosing diseases of mammals, birds and bees and for testing biological products, such as vaccines used for control of diseases. It oversees the production of the Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals (Terrestrial Manual), recognised as an international standard text by the SPS Agreement of the WTO. The Commission also approves OIE Reference Laboratories for diseases of terrestrial animals, and promotes the preparation and distribution of standard reagents for diagnostic testing. The Commission is elected by the International Committee for a three-year term.

21. OIE STD: Biological Standards Commission
Member of Biological Standards Commission
Prof. Steven Edwards, President
Dr Beverly Schmitt, Vice-President
Dr Anatoly N. Golovko, Secretary General

22. OIE STD: Biological Standards Commission (Ad hoc Groups)
Nonstructural Protein Tests for FMD Diagnosis
Antimicrobial Resistance (WHO/OIE/FAO International Conferences)
Biosafety and Biocontainment
Spanish translation of the Terrestrial Manual
Expert Group on Equine Influenza Vaccines
Expert Group on Atypical BSE

23. The Terrestrial Manual
The purpose of the Terrestrial Manual is to contribute to the international harmonisation of methods for the surveillance and control of the most important animal diseases. Standards are described for laboratory diagnostic tests and the production and control of biological products (principally vaccines) for veterinary use across the globe.

24. Terrestrial Manual: Contents
All OIE Lists A and B diseases of mammals, birds and bees are covered, together with additional diseases of importance in international trade. Each chapter of the Terrestrial Manual has been written and reviewed by experts of international standing and has been approved by OIE Member Countries. The diagnostic tests and protocols are those referred to in the Terrestrial Animal Health Code. These complementary publications contributed to the designation of the OIE as the reference organisation for animal health by the Marrakech Agreement establishing the World Trade Organization.

25. Terrestrial Manual: Contents
First Edition of the Terrestrial Manual in Spanish (2004). French Version in process.
Terrestrial Manual on the web (Spanish web version in process)
Annual update of the web version of the Terrestrial Manual (e.g. new chapter on Antigen and Vaccine Banks)
Revision of the Biosafety and Biocontainment standards

26. Terrestrial Manual: Structure (1)
Part 1      
Chapter I.1.1.  Sampling methods       
Chapter I.1.2. Quality management in veterinary diagnostic laboratories        
Chapter I.1.3. Principles of validation of diagnostic assays for infectious diseases   
Chapter I.1.4. Validation and quality control of PCR methods     
Chapter I.1.5. Tests for sterility and freedom from contamination of biological materials        
Chapter I.1.6. Human safety in the veterinary microbiology laboratory        
Appendix I International transfer and laboratory containment of animal pathogens        
Chapter I.1.6. Principles of veterinary vaccine production        
Chapter I.1.8. Biotechnology in the diagnosis of infectious diseases and vaccine development 
Chapter L1.9. The role of official bodies in the international regulation of veterinary biologicals        
Chapter I Laboratory methodologies for bacterial antimicrobial susceptibility testing

27. Terrestrial Manual: Structure (2)
Part 2. OIE List A and B diseases and other diseases of importance in international trade
Each chapter includes:
Summary
Diagnostic tests for agent identification and serological tests
Requirements for vaccines
Part 3. List of the OIE experts

28. Terrestrial Manual: Structure (3)
Requirements for free status in the case of vaccination:
Diagnostic tests
Surveillance guidelines (in Terrestrial Code)
Vaccine used

29. Terrestrial Manual: Structure (4)
Recommended procedure for vaccine manufacture, control and use.
13/15 List A diseases
35/69 List B diseases
Edited in English, French and Spanish every 4 years. (

30. Terrestrial Manual: Diagnostic tests
Prescribed tests are those that are required by the Terrestrial Animal Health Code for the testing of animals in connection with international trade.
Alternative tests are those that are suitable for the diagnosis of disease within a local setting, and can also be used in the import/export of animals after bilateral agreement.

31. Terrestrial Manual: New mandate
Resolution no. XXIX, may 2003
Validation and recognition of diagnostic assays according to “fitness for purpose”
Population freedom (declaration)
Animal freedom (trade)
Eradication/control
Investigation of clinical signs
Prevalence estimate (risk analysis)
Immune status

32. Terrestrial Manual: New mandate
New system for the OIE Recognition of Diagnostic Tests to be in place, January 2005

33. OIE STD: Biological Standards Commission
Reference Laboratories
OIE Reference Laboratories are designated to pursue all the scientific and technical problems relating to a named disease on the OIE lists. The role of a Reference Laboratory is to function as a centre of expertise and standardisation of diagnostic techniques for its designated disease. The Expert, responsible to the OIE and its Member Countries with regard to these issues, should be a leading and active researcher helping the Reference Laboratory to provide scientific and technical assistance and expert advice on topics linked to surveillance and control of the disease for which the Reference Laboratory is responsible. They may also provide scientific and technical training for personnel from Member Countries, and coordinate scientific and technical studies in collaboration with other laboratories or organisations (see OIE Mandate and Internal Rules for Reference Laboratories).

34. OIE STD: Biological Standards Commission
Reference Laboratories (contd)
170 Reference Laboratories and Collaborating Centres in 31 countries, covering 55 diseases of Terrestrial animals and 25 diseases of Aquatic animals
Centres of expertise and standardisation for other Member Countries and OIE Reference Laboratories
Reference reagents: production and distribution
Development and validation of new diagnostic techniques
Coordination of scientific and technical studies
Training
Preparation and managements of ring test.

35. OIE STD: Biological Standards Commission
Collaborating Centres
OIE Collaborating Centres are centres of expertise in a specific designated sphere of competence relating to the management of general questions on animal health issues (for example epidemiology, risk analysis, etc.). In the designated field of competence, they must provide their expertise internationally (see OIE Mandate and Internal Rules for Collaborating Centres)

36. OIE STD: Biological Standards Commission
Collaborating Centres (contd)
15 Collaborating Centres in 10 countries
Centres of expertise for the OIE and Member Countries in generic aspects.
Technical assistance for the elaboration of procedures for the harmonisation of international regulations.
Coordination of collaborative studies
Training
Organisation of scientific meetings

37. OIE STD: Biological Standards Commission
Procedures for application
OIE Delegates Reg. Commission
Director General
Specialist Commissions
Administrative Commission
International Committee
OIE Delegates Reg. Commission
Director General
Spec. Com./Reg. Com.
Administrative Commission
International Committee

38. OIE STD: Biological Standards Commission
Conferences and Seminars (2005)
International Symposium on Marker Vaccines, Ames, Iowa, USA, 4–6 April 2005
OIE/FAO International Scientific Conference on Avian Influenza, Paris, France, 7–8 April 2005.
First European Conference “Rabies in Europe” Kiev, Ukraine, 26–29 June 2005
New Diagnostic Technologies. Applications in Animal Health and biological Control. St Malo, France, 3–5 October 2005
7th OIE Seminar on Biotechnology (12th ISWAVLD), Montevideo, Uruguay, 16–20 November 2005

39. OIE STD: Biological Standards Commission
OIE/FAO Network of Expertise on Animal Influenza (OFFLU)
Steering Committee
Scientific Committee
General Secretariat

40. OIE STD: Aquatic Animals Commission
Aquatic Animal Health Standards Commission (“Aquatic Animals Commission")
Founded in 1960 and composed of five specialists as members, this Commission compiles information on diseases of fish, molluscs and crustaceans, and on methods used to control these diseases. To fulfil its remit to propose the most appropriate diagnostic and disease prevention and control methods to ensure safe international trade or movement of aquatic animals, the Commission produces the Aquatic Animal Health Code (Aquatic Code) and the Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals (Aquatic Manual). The Commission also organises scientific meetings on diverse topics of importance to aquaculture. The Commission is elected by the International Committee for a three-year term

41. OIE STD: Aquatic Animals Commission
Member of Aquatic Animals Commission
Dr Eva-Maria Bernoth, President
Dr Barry Hill, Vice-President
Dr Ricardo Enriquez, Secretary General
Dr Frank Berthe, Member
Dr Rwakishaya Katunguka, Member

42. OIE STD: Aquatic Animals Commission
Aquatic Code
The aim of the Aquatic Animal Health Code (Aquatic Code) is to assure the sanitary safety of international trade in aquatic animals (fish, molluscs and crustaceans) and their products. This is achieved through the detailing of health measures to be used by the veterinary authorities of importing and exporting countries to avoid the transfer of agents pathogenic for animals or humans, while avoiding unjustified sanitary barriers.
Published annually in the three official OIE languages (latest edition 2004)
(httm://

43. OIE STD: Aquatic Animals Commission
Aquatic Manual
The purpose of the Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals (Aquatic Manual) is to provide a uniform approach to the diagnosis of the diseases listed in the Aquatic Code, so that the requirements for health certification in connection with trade in aquatic animals and aquatic animal products, can be met.
The task of compiling the Aquatic Manual was assigned to the OIE Aquatic Animals Commission, and all the chapters were circulated to OIE Member Countries for comments and revision. The Aquatic Manual will be continually revised and updated as new information on aquatic animal diseases in general, and new emerging diseases in particular, becomes available. It is intended to publish a new edition approximately every two years; intermittent changes will be available on the OIE Web site.
Published in English every 2–3 years (last edition 2003; next edition 2006)
(httm://

44. World Organisation for Animal Health
OIE, 12 rue de Prony
75017 Paris, France
Tel.: 33 (0) – Fax: 33 (0)