1. Section 1 – pg 292 Properties of Carbon
Chapter 8
Section 1 – pg 292
Properties of Carbon

2. Carbon Atoms and Bonding
Pg 293
Carbon Atoms and Bonding
Carbon: atomic number of 6 meaning it has 6 protons and 6 electrons – 4 valence electrons
Carbon shares its electrons to form covalent bonds
B/c of its unique ability to combine in many ways with itself and other elements, carbon has a central role in the chemistry of living organisms

3. Pg 294
Forms of Pure Carbon
Because carbon can bond in so many ways, the pure element can exist in different forms
Diamonds, graphite, fullerenes, and nanotubes are four forms of the element carbon

4. Pg 294
Diamond
Diamond: a crystalline form of carbon in which each carbon atom is bonded strongly to four other carbon atoms
Extremely hard and non reactive
Industrial chemists are able to make diamonds in the labs but they are not considered beautiful enough to be used in jewelry
Diamonds work well in cutting tools, such as drills

5. Pg 294
Graphite
Graphite: each carbon atom is bonded tightly to three other carbon atoms in flat layers
The bonds between atoms in different layers are very weak, so layers slide past one another easily

6. The loosely connected layers makes graphite slippery
Pg 294
The loosely connected layers makes graphite slippery
Is often used as a lubricant in machines because it reduces the friction between the moving parts

7. Fullerenes Pg 295 Made in 1985 by scientists
Named after architect Buckminster Fuller who designed dome-shaped buildings
Consists of carbon atoms arranged in the shape of a hollow sphere
Buckyballs are a type of fullerenes

8. Nanotubes Pg 295 Made in 1991 by scientists
Carbon atoms are arranged in the shape of long, hollow cylinder
Tiny, light, flexible and extremely strong
Good conductors of electricity and heat
Used as conductors in electronic devices and as super-strong cables

9. Chapter 8 Section 1 Homework – pg 295

10. 1A. How many bonds can a carbon atom form?

11. 1B. Why is carbon unique among the elements?

12. 2A. List the four forms of pure carbon

13. 2B. Describe the carbon bonds in graphite

14. 2C. How do the differences in carbon bonds explain why graphite and diamonds have different properties?