1. The Enlightenment
CHY4U

2. Day 1

3. Identify whether each is a modern characteristic
Reason over tradition
Rational optimism
Freedom of thought over obedience to tradition
Rights
Tolerance
Individualism
Social criticism =
Liberalism

4. Political Systems Like England Like France
constitutional absolute monarchy monarchy
Like England
Like France
In the 1600s and 1700s neither was a democracy in which ordinary people could actually vote.

5. Locke
“life, liberty and property”

6. Social contract Locke’s 2-way contract
The people form a contract with ________.
The ruler forms a contract with _________.

7. philosophes
Diderot

8. “intolerance” is blasphemous
“whoever is intolerant in this …sense is an evil man, a bad Christian, a dangerous subject, a poor statesman, and a bad citizen.”
“teaching, persuasion, and prayer, these are the only legitimate means of spreading the faith.”
“Conscience must be enlightened, not constrained.”
“It will take only three or four intolerant men to tear apart the entire fabric of society.”

9. Day 1 HW Notes from pages 146-150 on: Notes from page 83 on:
Philosophes
Bayle
Diderot
Voltaire
Turgot
Hogarth
Rousseau
Notes from page 83 on:
Locke

10. Day 2

11. Match Bayle A Attack privilege and question tradition Diderot
Name
Detail
Bayle
A Attack privilege and question tradition
Diderot
B Genius is the key to progress and it’s only available in rational societies
Voltaire
C Passion and nature; society corrupts
Turgot
D Find evidence rather than accept things at face value
Rousseau
E Satirist of English corruption and greed
Hogarth
F Preferred English form of government or enlightened despotism

12. Locke takeup __________ on authority __________ liberties
__________ rights = LLP
Contract = ________________
State of __________________
Right to __________________

13. Jean calas
Broken on the wheel, 1762

14. Rousseau Was Different
Philosophes
Rousseau
Progress
“man was born free, and everywhere he is in chains.”
State of nature preferred: “our minds have been corrupted in proportion as our arts and sciences have made advances toward their perfection.”
Lifelong theme: innocence vs. experience
Salons
Critical of salons
Individualism /scared of democracy
Community (general will) – dirty d?

15. Day 2 HW Take notes from page 150 on: Physiocrats
Laissez-faire economics
Adam Smith

16. Day 3

17. mercantilism
“At the heart of mercantilism is the view that maximising net exports is the best route to national prosperity. … the idea that the only true measure of a country’s wealth and success was the amount of gold that it had. If one country had more gold than another, it was necessarily better off. …The best way of ensuring a country’s prosperity was to make few imports and many exports, thereby generating a net inflow of foreign exchange ….
The Economist, The Economist Blog – Free Exchange, 2013,
ic-history (March 21, 2016)

18. THE pie analogy Some Navigation Acts:
Trade between Britain and her colonies had to be on British ships
No direct trade between British colonies and the Netherlands, Spain, France and their colonies
Heavy duties on imports of molasses from the French West Indies

19. Enlightened Economics
Laissez Faire
Mercantilism

20. Adam Smith, 1776
Adam Smith Institute, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, 2014,
(March 21, 2016)

21. Invisible hand

22. Timeline of the american revolution
1760s onward: Escalating conflict between the 13 colonies and their mother country, Britain
1776: Declaration of Independence
: War of Independence (or Revolutionary War)
1783: Articles of Confederation created
: Constitution written and adopted
1791: “Bill of Rights” created - the first 10 amendments (changes) to the constitution

23. American Revolution (190-191) group writing activity
Write a Diderot-style Encyclopedia entry on ___ by ____.
Boston Tea Party (1773) – Smith
Leaders of 13 colonies meet to coordinate actions at the Continental Congresses of and 1775 – Diderot
Amongst the king’s abuses: dissolved colonial assemblies - Locke
Amongst the king’s abuses: created new officials that colonies had to pay – Smith