1. Changing Acreage Trends & Icreasing Productivity in Guar
D. Kumar
CENTRAL ARID ZONE RESEARCH INSTITUTE, JODHPUR
Ph , (M),
Fax :

2. Effect of different components on grain yield of guar in FLDs during (Total FLD conducted 463)

3. Inter & intra row distances (cm) Plant population ha-1 (No.)
Spacings:
Normal sown conditions: Invariably lakh plants/ha are optimum at 45 cm spacing for branched type varieties.
Late sown condition : 30 cm than 45 cm inter row spacing was observed better.
Infra row spacing : 10 cm for branched
typed varieties.
15 cm for unbranched
Inter & intra row distances (cm)
Locations
Rainfall
(mm)
Plant population ha-1 (No.)
60 X 10
Jodhpur, Bikaner
(Arid)
1.1 lakh plants
45 X 10
Durgapura
(Semi-Arid)
1.5 lakh plants
30 X 10
Agra
2.0 lakh plants

4. Immediate economic features of guar
Cost of seed and gum increased 300 times during one year.
(Rs to / kg)
Import increased Rs crore annually against Rs 1200 crore, 400% increase and 200% increase in quantity ( lakh ton)
Benefit from guar Rs /ha in 100 days
Benefit per day : Rs. 860
C:B ratio : 1:5
Productivity of guar increased (1200kg/ha) almost 206% in Haryana
If productivity of Rajasthan is increased at par to Haryana guar seed production can be increased to 35.7 lakh ton against lakh ton currently.
Guar is behaving like pulse in arid region and as sugarcane in assured input situations.
Guar can take climate change to task.

6. Fig : Effect of fertility treatments and forms on grain yield and gum content

7. Fig: Grain yield and gum content during kharif 2011 and summer 2012.

8. Fig: Gum content and viscosity during kharif 2011 and summer 2012.

14. Guar introduced in A.P.: Some Examples
S. No.
Name of cultivator/ concerned
Place
Contact No.
Remarks 1.
Mr. Radha Krishnan
(D. K. Enterprises)
Rangareddi
10 ha 2.
Mr. K. Srihari
(KPS Group)
Gooti (Annantapur and Karnool)
200 acre 3.
Mr. Jagpati Babu
Karinnagar
250 acreas (20 ton grains available) 4.
Mr. Pratap Joshier
Hindupur (Anantapur)
Mid May sowing, 50 acres 5.
Mr. Krishnan
Nellore
100 ton grains available 6.
Mr. Koteshwar Rao
Guntur
22-24 q/ha (drip system) 7.
Mr. Krishna Reddi
20-22 q/ha 8.
Mr. Mohan
(ESSKAY)
Annantapur, Prakasha, Guntoor
300 acre (3q/acre) 1000 acre summer sowing (4q/acre) 9.
A. Satyanarayana
1000 acre (Dec. sowing) 20 acre (4q/acre)

15. Guar introduced in non-traditional areas of India (barring A. P
Guar introduced in non-traditional areas of India (barring A. P.) during
S. No.
Farmer’s Name
Mobile
Place
Area (Acre)
Productivity 1
Riddu Khan
Akola 10
5 q/acre 2
Kabra -
Jalna 4
4q/acre 3
Attar Singh
Budanpur
297
Deepak
Nandare 5
Dr. Sononunu PC KVK
2000 6
Prasant
15 ton 7
Amrit Palil + 20
Digras
1500
7 q/acre 8
Mr. Shindey 9
Mr. Morey
Dr. K. P. Viswanatha DEUAS, Raichur
Raichure 11
K. S. Malik
Raipur 50
6 q/acre 12
Emami Biotech Ltd.
Radiapatti (T.N.)
4000 (Oct. 2013)
Oct-Jan 13
Vasant Mirgey
Buldana
4.5 acre (summer) 14
K.V. Krishna Rao
Raichu 15
Onil Omedia
Vasai
2013

16. Guar introduced in A.P. under rainfed conditions.
Initial plant
stand of guar
in Annatapur
district.
Initial planting
of guar in
Karimnagar
district
( )
Initial stage of
flowering with
disease free plant
Bumper crop
of guar in
Ranga Reddi
district
Guar introduced in A.P. under rainfed conditions.

17. Post – rainy season (01.11.2012) guar introduced in T.N.
Field view
of early crop
of guar at
Killikudi.
Initial care
of guar
at Killikdi,
T.N.
Big soil
cracks
and viral
disease of
guar in
Madurai.
Cluster of
pods
With
branching
at Madurai.
Post – rainy season ( ) guar introduced in T.N.

18. Summer guar introduced in Vidharbha.
Farmer happy
with bumper
guar production
at Yavatmal.
Mamooth
gathering of
farmers at
Digras
Local MLA
Participated
in guar
programme in
field itself.
Farmer happy
with bumper
guar production
at Yavatmal.
Summer guar introduced in Vidharbha.

19. Improved varieties of guar suitable for different cropping regions, Rajasthan
Sl.
No.
Average rainfall* (mm)
Region/district
Cropped area* (000ha)
Productivity* (kg/ha)
Varieties
Maturity (days)
Remarks 1
Churu
315.00
235
RGC-936
85-90
Suitable for arid Rajasthan
Jaisalmer
190.00
100
HG-365
80-85
High viscosity (3500 cP) and ruling variety of Haryana 2
Bikaner
411.00
215
Suitable for Haryana, high gum and viscosity profile (4050 cP)
Barmer
325.00
135
RGC-365
RGC-563 3
Ganganagar
180.00
807
Hanumangarh
319.00
870
RGM-112
RGC-1066
Suitable for mechanical harvesting

20. 420 180 311 280 708 675 780 600 1000 Sl. No. Average rainfall* (mm)
Region/district
Cropped area* (000ha)
Productivity* (kg/ha)
Varieties
Maturity (days)
Remarks 4
Nagur
155.00
420
RGC-1038
95-100
Suitable for summer season and wide spacing (40-50 cm)
Jodhpur
183.00
180
HG-884
High gum content (30-31%) and viscosity ( cP) 5
375-40
Sikar
78.00
311
RGC-1002
Jhunjnu
62.00
280
RGC-1017 6
Pali
67.45
708
Jalore
69-50
675
RGC-1031
Suitable for irrigated conditions 7
Jaipur
55.14
780
Bhilwara
37.00
600
HG-20-2
Gum content 31.41% suited for wider spacing and irrigated conditions 8
Alwar
34.66
1000
RGC-986
Dual purpose and suitable for canal command areas

21. Source: Kumar and Rodge (2012); Journal of Food Legumes 25(4), 2012
Sl.
No.
Average rainfall* (mm)
Region/district
Cropped area* (000ha)
Productivity* (kg/ha)
Varieties
Maturity (days)
Remarks
Haryana 9
Bhiwani
90.00
900
HG-365
80-85 10
Mohindergarh, Bawal
30.00
985
HG-563 11
Sirsa
101.00
1400
HG-884
95-100 12
Hisar
70.00
1200
HG-2-20
Gujarat 13
Banaskantha
61.60
604
GG-2
Kutch
58.10
610
RGC-936
85-90
Source: Kumar and Rodge (2012); Journal of Food Legumes 25(4), 2012

22. Region wise high input (HITs) and low input technologies (LITs) and common cropping systems for guar
Sl. No.
Regions/ districts
Technology LITs/HITs
Protection priority
Varietal priority
Planting priority
Fertility priority
Cropping sequences/ rotation
Inter/ Mixed cropping
Rajasthan 1
Churu
Jaisalmer
Bikaner
Badmer
LITs
ST-RR
RGC-936
RGM-112
HG-365
HG-563
Line sowings 60  10 cm, hand weeding, interculture up to dos
Nil
Monocropping, Guar-Guar, Guar-Guar-Bajra, Guar-Bajra
Guar + Bajra (3:1), If delayed rains up to 1st week of August Guar + Moth, Bean + Bajra + Til + Cowpea (25% seed of each crop)

23. Gamganagar Hanumangarh HITs RGC-1066 RGC-1031 Sl. No.
Regions/ districts
Technology LITs/HITs
Protection priority
Varietal priority
Planting priority
Fertility priority
Cropping sequences/rotation
Inter/ Mixed cropping 2
Gamganagar
Hanumangarh
HITs
ST-RR
ST-BLB
Full protection package
RGC-1066
RGC-1031
Line sowing, 40  10 cm, deep intercvul- ture upto days, full production package
Full fertility package
Sole cropping Guar-Mustard
Guar-Wheat
Crop substituions Groundnut, Cotton, Bajra
Limited mix or intercropping 3
Nagaur
Jodhpur
Sikar
Jhaunjnu
HITs/LITs
RGC-1002
RGC-1003
RGC-1017
RGC-936
Line sowing 45  10 cm, deep interculture upto 40 days
Urea at DAS
Guar-Mustard Guar-Guar Guar-Bajra Guar-Guar-Bajra/Sorghum Guar-B. tournifortii
Guar : Bajra (3:1)

24. HITs Fertility package Sl. No. Regions/ districts Technology LITs/HITs
Protection priority
Varietal priority
Planting priority
Fertility priority
Cropping sequences/rotation
Inter/ Mixed cropping 4
Pali
Jalore
Jaipur
Bheelwara
Alwar
HITs
ST-RR
ST-BLB
Full protection package
RGC-1038
HG-884
HG-1031
RGC-986
Line sowing, 40  10 cm, deep interculture up to 40 days, production package
Fertility package
Guar-Wheat
Guar-Mustard
Guar + Bajra/ Sorghum (3:1)

25. HG-365 HG-563 HG-884 Sirsa Hisr Bhiwani Rewari HITs
Sl. No.
Regions/ districts
Technology LITs/HITs
Protection priority
Varietal priority
Planting priority
Fertility priority
Cropping sequences/rotation
Inter/ Mixed cropping
Haryana 5
Sirsa
Hisr
Bhiwani
Rewari
HITs
ST-RR
ST-BLB
Full protection packate
HG-365
HG-563
HG-884
Line sowing, 35  40 cm, deep interculture up to 40 days production package
Full fertility package
Substitution, cotton, bajra, til, groundnuts
Crop sequence:
guar (HG-884, HG-2-20)-wheat,
guar (HG-365, HG-563) – mustard, for saline water
Guar-wheat
guar + gajra (3:1)
guar + gorghum (3:1)

26. Source: Kumar and Rodge (2012); Journal of Food Legumes 25(4), 2012
Sl. No.
Regions/ districts
Technology LITs/HITs
Protection priority
Varietal priority
Planting priority
Fertility priority
Cropping sequences/rotation
Inter/ Mixed cropping
Gujarat 6
Kutch
Banaskantha
LITs
ST-RR
ST-BLB
HG-365
RGC-936
GG-2
GG-1
Line sowing, 60  10 cm, deep interculture up to 40 days
Spray of at DAS
guar-bajra, guar (GG-1-musatard) (irrigated)
North Gujrat : guar-potato, Agri-silviculture system guar with P. cineraria
guar + bajra (3:1)
guar + sorghum (2:1)
Mixed cropping for North Gujrat:
bajra + moth bean + cowpea + guar (0.40, 3.0, 5.0 & 3.75 kg/ha respectively)
Source: Kumar and Rodge (2012); Journal of Food Legumes 25(4), 2012

27. Proposed productivity (kg/ha)
The regions showing area, productivity and proposed enhanced productivity of guar in Rajasthan through LIT
Regions
Area (lakh ha)
Productivity (kg/ha)
Proposed productivity (kg/ha)
Sikar (Sikar & Jhunjhunu distt.)
1.44
351
600
Bikaner (Bikaner, Churu & Jaisalmer distt.)
11.88
180
500
Jodhpur (Jodhpur, Barmer & Nagaur distt.)
6.62
159
400
Source: Kumar and Solanki (2012)

28. Proposed enhanced area (th. Ha)
Regions showing productivity, area and proposed enhanced area of guar in Rajasthan through HIT
Regions
Productivity (kg/ha)
Area (th. Ha)
Proposed enhanced area (th. Ha)
Jaipur (Jaipur, Ajmer & Dausa distt.)
699
73.5
147.0
Bhilwara (Bhilwara, Chittore, Rajsamand & Partapgarh distt.)
554
31.4
62.8
Udaipur (Udaipur, Banswara & Dungarpur distt.)
655
15.4
30.8
Bharatpur (Bharatpur, Alwar, Dholpur, S. Madhopur & Karoli (distt.)
1175
37.0
74.0
Source: Kumar and Solanki (2012)

29. New Dimension in Guar
Sl. No.
Particular
In past two years
At present 1.
Planting season
Rainy season
Rainy season and summer seasons 2.
Growing states
Rajasthan, Haryana, Gujarat, Punjab, MP (5)
Chattisgarh, Maharashtra, AP, Karnataka, T.N. (10) 3.
Productivity
5-10 q/ha
22-25 q/ha 4.
Cropped area
28-30 lakh ha
42-45 lakh ha 5.
Production status
10-12 lakh ton
20.5 lakh ton 6.
Soil types
Light textured
No soil barrier 7.
Export potentials:
Quantity
2-2.5 lakh ton
4.00 lakh ton
Currency
Rs crore
Rs crore 8.
Cultivators’ involvements
Arid and poor farmers for life support
Big financial houses, Administrators Corporate world big seed companies 9.
Mechanization
Simple seed device
Planters combines, reapers, drip system

30. Total cost of cultivation of guar from sowing to storingSN
Item / Input
Details
Cost
Per per
ha acre 1
Seed
12 Rs. 350/kg
4200
1680 2
Seed Treatment
Bavistin
400
160 3
Soil Treatment
25 kg/ha
1000 4
Ploughing
1200
480 5
Sowing with seed drill
Once
700
280 6
DAP
100 kg
1250
500 7
Zinc Sulphate
25 kg/ha
1660
664 8
Weeding
Twice /labour
5400
2160 9
Tilling with Tractor
Once (2.5 hr) 10
Spray againt diseases – BLB, PM etc.
Streptocycline, Kerthane 11
Harvesting
5 Persons
1500
600 12
Cleaning, threshing grading, bagging
Total
20,510
(21,000)*
8204
(8500)*
* May include transportion

31. Assuming three rates (Rs/kg) Assuming three rates (Rs/kg)
Cost of total produce of guar seed (Expecting grain yield on an average 800 kg/ha)
Units
Assuming three rates (Rs/kg)
Rs. 250 / Rs. 150 / Rs. 100 /-
(i) 1 ha
2,00,000
1,20,000
80,000
(ii) 1 Acre
48,000
32,000
(iii) 1 Bigha
33,340
20,000
13,340
Expected savings after detecting cost of cultivation only
Units
Assuming three rates (Rs/kg)
Rs. 250 / Rs. 150 / Rs. 100 /-
(i) 1 ha
1,17,000
94,000
56,000
(ii) 1 Acre
68,000
37,600
22,400
(iii) 1 Bigha
28,340
15,666
9,333

32. Conclusive Bullets
During summer season, almost 2.5 to 3 times more grain yield, 1.5 to 1.7%, more gum content, kg/ha more gum yield and cP more viscosity of guar gum could be realized vis-à-vis kharif season.
In kharif season, amongst fertility treatments maximum grain yield (901 kg/ha) was realized with Nano P (40 ppm), maximum gum content (31.03%) with Nano Zn (10 ppm), and maximum viscosity, with basal Zn (25 kg/ha) was realized.

33. Amongst varieties, RGC-1066 and RGM were characterized with maximum gum content (31.46%) and viscosity profile (4535 cP), respectively.
Guar can be cultivated in black cotton, heavy soils also.
For Southern and central India, summer sowing in more suited than rainy season.

34. Future thrust Price stability Farmers’ economic price Balanced farming
Seed production programme
R & D involvement
Minimum Supporting Price (MSP)
Organic farming encouragement