1. 2018-10-01 Thomas Hansson & Francois Javier, ESH
ESHAC #9 Update on ESS General Safety Objectives and Categorization of Workers and Public
Thomas Hansson & Francois Javier, ESH

2. ESS General Safety Objectives (GSO)
Existing version; ESS rev 5

3. ESS General Safety Objectives (GSO)
Existing version; ESS rev 5, Table 2
Rad workers
with safety task
Rad workers
without safety task
GSO rev 6
“Safety task” means credited actions performed by a worker in order to reach the facility “Safe state” and comply with objectives for public. Not for workers.

4. ESS General Safety Objectives (GSO)
Draft version; ESS rev 6
ESS objectives (effective dose, mSv)
Operating conditions and
likelihood (per year)
of initiating event
Exposed workers
with safety task
without safety task
Non exposed workers
Public
(off-site)
Normal operation - H1
(including events with F≥1)
Dose limit
20 mSv/year
Dose constraints per year
2 mSv on average
10 mSv individually
1 mSv/year
Dose constraint
mSv/year
0.1 mSv/year
Anticipated events - H2
F ≥ 10-2
Design criteria
20 mSv/event
Plan protective action
based on realistic estimations
for typical cases
and applying Alara
via a respective ESS committee and
an established ESS guideline.
0.1 mSv/event
Unanticipated events - H3
10-4 ≤ F < 10-2
1 mSv/event
Improbable events (DBA) – H4A
10-6 ≤ F < 10-4
Improbable events (DBA) – H4B
10-4 ≤ F
H2 and H3 combined with CCF
N/A
Highly improbable events – H5
10-7 ≤ F < 10-6
50 mSv/event
Excluded from further evaluation since it is an
acceptable residual risk.
100 mSv/event
Extremely improbable events
F < 10-7
Draft
In black defined by SSM, and in blue established by ESS.

5. Plan protective action (H2-H3-H4A)
- Exposed workers, without safety task
example
Redesign System of interest
System design
Still to be classified as Worker Safety
Function (WSF) and designed according
to conventional standards
Option: Mitigate event
Based on quantitative assessment. No need for workers to act/react.
Event
Scope: ionizing radiation.
Qualitative assessment of consequence:
Increase of radiation levels
Increase of contamination levels
inside area
Redesign
Detection & Alert
Options
Detection inside area
Physical parameter to detect?
rad/contam. levels or a linked process parameter.
Quantitative assessment needed to set trigger point.
Alert inside area
Alert outside area
Alarm: Sound, Light
Awareness
Awareness Active dosimeter *
Added value with detection/alert?
Difference in reaction time? 𝛥t No
React
Procedures/training always needed.
Also check possibility to evacuate.
Action Evacuate
In all workplaces
Quantitative
assessment ok?
Acceptable impact (mSv) ?
Criteria needed if to do quantitative assessment
Option 1: established criteria in GSO
Option 2: judgement/criteria case by case
Yes
Quantitative
assessment
(Dose to worker)
In relevant workplaces
based on quantitative assessment
In relevant workplaces
based on qualitative assessment
Yes No

6. Workers - GSO guideline proposal
Operating conditions
Likelihood of initiating event
Exposed workers
without safety task
Non exposed workers
(including public on site)
Normal operation - H1
(for workers including events with F≥1)
Dose limit 20 mSv/year
Dose constraints:
2 mSv (average)
10 mSv (most exposed)
Dose limit 1 mSv/year
Dose constraints: mSv
Anticipated events - H2
F ≥ 10-2
10 mSv to 20 mSv/event
0,5 to 1 mSv/event
Unanticipated events - H3
10-4 ≤ F < 10-2
20 to 50 mSv/event
1 to 10 mSv/event
Improbable events (DBA) – H4A
10-6 ≤ F < 10-4
50 to 100 mSv/event
10 to 50 mSv/event
Nota :
1/ Deterministic effects: relationship between effects severity and dose received - threshold existence: from 100 mSv (ICRP 103)
2/ Stochastic effects: no relationship between dose and effects severity but relationship between dose and likelihood of occurence of effects – no evidence of threshold existence so use of the precautionary principle (even if no exces of cancer found below 100 mSv) – ICRP 103 : assuming linear response at low doses, the combined detriment due to exces cancer and heritable effects is around 5% per Sv (cancer : Sv-1 for public and Sv-1 for adult workers/heritable effects: Sv-1 and Sv-1)
3/ Euratom 2013/56: Emergency occupational exposure 100 mSv (500 mSv in exceptional situations)

7. Categorization of people
- ESS employees
- Contractors
- Consultants
- In-kind
- Users/scientists*
- Trainees
- Students
- etc.
Workers
Exposed workers
> 1 mSv
Cat A
> 6 mSv
Cat B
< 6 mSv
For instance apprentices & students years, but only with access to supervised areas.
Case-by-case pregnant and breastfeeding women could be Cat B but then only with access to supervised area and still to be below exposure of 1 mSv, and no access to controlled areas.
Non exposed workers
< 1 mSv
Workers without access to supervised* or controlled areas.
Specifically pregnant and breastfeeding women
Draft
Exposed workers with or without
safety task
* On-going discussion within ESS if users/scientists can deviate from this rule as long as they stay below 1 mSv and comply with Cat B requirements (training/ dosimeter) but NOT to be officially categorized as Cat B. ESS will only request that the home institute categorize the user/scientist.
Note 1: Even if Cat A and B have access to supervised and controlled areas from a radiation point of view, certain areas within supervised and controlled areas might
require specifically authorized access for other reasons than radiation and might therefore be fenced-off or equipped with limited access via surrounding doors.
Note 2: Non exposed workers are not allowed to work in supervised areas. Neither in controlled areas.
Note 3: Visitors and guests are excluded from the structure above, but will be considered as non exposed workers.

8. Thank you!
Questions?