1. Descending thoracic aortic aneurysm: surgical approach and treatment using the adjuncts cerebrospinal fluid drainage and distal aortic perfusion 
Anthony L Estrera, MD, Forrest S Rubenstein, MD, Charles C Miller, PhD, Tam T.T Huynh, MD, George V Letsou, MD, Hazim J Safi, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 72, Issue 2, Pages (August 2001)
DOI: /S (01)

2. Fig 1
Cerebrospinal fluid catheter insertion. Cerebrospinal pressure was maintained at less than 10 mm Hg.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (01) )

3. Fig 2
Distal aortic perfusion through the left common femoral artery and left superior pulmonary vein.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (01) )

4. Fig 3
Descending thoracic aortic aneurysms are classified as type A, left subclavian artery to T6 (A); type B, T6 to the diaphragm (B); or type C, left subclavian artery to the diaphragm (C).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (01) )

5. Fig 4
(A) Dynamics of aortic cross-clamp: cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure increases and distal aortic (DAo) pressure decreases. (B) Dynamics of aortic cross-clamp with adjuncts: CSF pressure decreases and DAo pressure increases, thus increasing perfusion pressure of the spinal cord.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (01) )