1. The Renaissance and Reformation Unit

2. Please copy the following definitions in your notebook:
Renaissance: The “re-birth” of renewed interest in art and learning in Europe.
2) Humanism: Renaissance movement based on the values of the ancient Greeks and Romans, such as that individuals and human society were important.

3. Please copy the following definitions in your notebook:
3) Medici Family: An influential Italian family who ran a system of banking and money lending throughout Europe at the time of the Renaissance.
4) Machiavelli: A Italian diplomat who wrote a very famous paper that decided how city-states should be governed.

4. Please copy the following definitions in your notebook:
5) City-States: Independent “kingdoms” in Italy that became very wealthy and influential. This ended the times of the nobles and landowning class. 6) Diplomacy: The art of negotiating, or making deals, with other countries.

5. Please copy the following definitions in your notebook:
7) Johannes Gutenberg: The inventor of the printing press that used moveable type. This made it possible to print books much quicker.
8) Leonardo da Vinci: One of the greatest Renaissance scientists and artists.
9) Michelangelo: An important Renaissance artist probably best known for his painting of the Sistine Chapel.
10) William Shakespeare: The greatest English writer of the Renaissance Era.

6. Please copy the following definitions in your notebook:
12) John Calvin: An English priest who opposed the corruption of the Roman Catholic church. He preached that Jesus was the only authority over Christians.
13) Indulgences: A pardon from the Catholic church for a person’s sins. These were bought and paid for with all monies going to the church.
14) Martin Luther: The leader of the Reformation. He preached that only faith, not good works, brought salvation. This led to a revolution in Christianity.
15) 95 Theses: Martin Luther’s 95 arguments against indulgences and the corruptions of the Catholic church. He sent out copies and nailed one to the door of the Wittenberg church where he worked.

7. Please copy the following definitions in your notebook:
16) Reformation: A movement to reform the Catholic church which led to the creation of Protestantism.
17) Denomination: An organized branch of Christianity.
18) Protestant: All denominations that broke away from the Roman Catholic church. Most of these are still in existence today.

8. Please copy the following definitions in your notebook:
19) Henry VIII: The English king who declared himself as head of the church of England, broke away from Catholicism, and established the Anglican church.
20) Heresy: A belief that differs from or contradicts the accepted teachings of a religion.