1. The Element of Value
The lightness and darkness of tones (grays) and colors to make objects appear 3-dimensional.

2. Graphite Pencils
H pencils have harder leads and are used to make lighter values.
B pencils have softer leads and are used to make darker values.

3. Vocabulary Gradation- making very gradual changes from light to dark.
Highlight- the brightest light reflections on a subject.
Cast shadows- the shadows made on the ground by an object.
Contrast- Showing strong differences in light and dark in your work.

4. Value Scales

6. Important Tips
1. Realistic shading requires gradual blending of light and dark Controlling the pressure applied to your pencil allows you to do gradual shading Graphite needs to be applied smoothly to the paper.  4. Use very short pencil strokes in many different directions.

7. A good graphite drawing should have at least 8 values in it.

8. Contrast makes your work dynamic and demands attention.

15. Today’s Assignment
explore and practice shading with each pencil in your sketchbook before you begin your assignment. While you do this, I will make my way around the room to provide Each table with a quick shading demonstration.
Only after receiving the demo may you begin the value scale and pencil shading exercise handout using your 4B, #2, and 4H pencils.