1. Task Force n°1: Framework and definitions
ESSnet Culture
Task Force n°1:
Framework and definitions
Luxembourg, June 2011

2. ESSnet Culture TF1 general objective TF1: Framework and definitions
a 2-year working plan
to develop a reflection on the delimitation, structure and extension of the cultural field,
on the basis of the LEG definition and the Unesco framework.
June 2011 2

3. ESSnet Culture TF1 working plan TF1: Framework and definitions
a 4-step working plan up to April 2011
1. Inventory and study of the general framework
2. Compatibility with updated nomenclatures (mainly based on NACE and CPA)
3. Correspondence with harmonised sources
4. Production of cards by domains
5. Final report synthesis
6. Thematic issues
(Satellite account, CCI, cultural diversity)
June 2011 3

4. ESSnet Culture TF1 proposed method TF1: Framework and definitions
Base = the LEG approach, i.e. the activity at the crossing of domains * functions
the new UNESCO framework, FCS 2009
revised nomenclatures
Aim: to include or exclude activities and see how they could be measured; to make a list of every debate for future openings or recommendations
June 2011 4

5. ESSnet Culture FCS 2009 TF1: Framework and definitions
FCS includes the eight LEG domains
But FCS is structured on heterogeneous criteria:
A minimum set of 6 core domains
Transversal domains (equipment, archiving and preserving, ICH)
Related domains (tourism, sports and recreation)
The unit mixes domains (e.g. Fine arts) with activities (e.g. architectural services) and products (videogames).
June 2011 5

6. ESSnet Culture
TF1: Framework and definitions
FCS 2009
June 2011 6

7. ESSnet Culture TF1 framework TF1: Framework and definitions 7
June 2011 7

8. ESSnet Culture TF1 new framework TF1: Framework and definitions
Compared with the 2000 EU LEG framework :
+ 2 domains (advertising and art crafts) and
+ 1 function (management/regulation)
Main choices are justified by:
a) focusing on creation
b) production of data
June 2011 8

9. From the LEG to ESSnet and UNESCO
ESSnet Culture
TF1: Framework and definitions
From the LEG to ESSnet and UNESCO
June 2011 9

10. (chapter 5.3, pages 17 & 18 of the draft FR)
ESSnet Culture
TF1: Framework and definitions
TF1 key definitions
(chapter 5.3, pages 17 & 18 of the draft FR)
Cultural activities
Cultural domains
Cultural functions
Cultural dimensions
visual matrices to display the whole ESSnet system with its different dimensions (economic activities, employment, expenditure, practices)
June 2011 10

11. TF1 matrix for cultural activities
ESSnet Culture
TF1: Framework and definitions
TF1 matrix for cultural activities
A matrix for a general representation, based on economic functions
June 2011 11

12. Circle matrix advantages
ESSnet Culture
TF1: Framework and definitions
Circle matrix advantages
Compared with other representations, no hierarchy between cultural domains but creation at the core
Creation as a real cultural feature (versus creativity) (creation included for advertising, architecture)
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13. Inclusions and exclusions of activities
ESSnet Culture
TF1: Framework and definitions
Inclusions and exclusions of activities
Always deceptive to think one is dealing with a clear and comprehensive cultural field for all: so varied are the cultural ideas, practices, national strategies
Choices were: to remain practical: a common and measurable framework for cultural activities
Clear frontiers and strict content ensure quality data,
would be a challenge to estimate and define a EU quality aggregate (whereas lacks in so many core activities)
June 2011 13

14. Inclusions and exclusions of activities
ESSnet Culture
TF1: Framework and definitions
Inclusions and exclusions of activities
Other activities may have links with culture (equipment, tourism, etc.) but with a small proportion of cultural content
: inaccuracy of data production enlarged to other domains, for instance software
Software domain is not cultural; but professions in software are included: graphic and multimedia designers = ISCO will integrate them
See exclusions (5.2, page 12): manufacture, printing, software, nature, leisure, equipment, ornemental
June 2011 14

15. Cultural rank of activities
ESSnet Culture
TF1: Framework and definitions
Cultural rank of activities
(page 79)
review of the content of NACE classes:
totally and mainly cultural activities are considered for collecting data on cultural activities
partly or not cultural activities are not considered
June 2011 15

16. From the theoretical activity to the statistical activity
ESSnet Culture
TF1: Framework and definitions
From the theoretical activity to the statistical activity
Cultural activities are often scattered and disintegrated in several statistical classes NACE 2008:
Creation of literary works = a cultural activity,
Statistically integrated under NACE 4-digit 'Artistic Creation', which includes the activities of freelance writers (CPA ).
Performing arts creation in both and 90.03
Often only spotted with product level (CPA): advertising creation, only /13
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17. ESSnet Culture
TF1: Framework and definitions
From the theoretical activity to the statistical activity, NACE rev.2, 2008
3 classes 2-digit entirely cultural (59, 60, 90)
6 classes 3-digit (591, 592, 601, 602, 741, 900)
29 classes 4-digit to collect data on cultural activities
See table pages 21 to 24: the activities considered as totally or mainly cultural
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18. Statistical framework on cultural activities (extract)
ESSnet Culture
TF1: Framework and definitions
Statistical framework on cultural activities (extract)
June 2011 18

19. Sources and Measurement
ESSnet Culture
TF1: Framework and definitions
Review by domains:
Sources and Measurement
European sources are scarce for measuring the economy of cultural domains (see SBS, STS, Comext):
No EU coverage of Heritage (except museums), of Visual arts, of Performing arts
National sources mostly for heritage activities (museums, libraries), theatre and cinema BUT with varied concepts and methodologies
Few international sources relevant for EU-27
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20. ESSnet Culture Achievements TF1: Framework and definitions
10 domains and 6 functions for a new framework on culture (page 15)
29 statistical activities NACE 2008 for culture
Cultural framework summarized with tables:
list of theoretical cultural activities (page 76)
a visual matrix (pages 12)
list of statistical activities NACE 2008 (page 21)
June 2011 20

21. Recommendations to be discussed
ESSnet Culture
TF1: Framework and definitions
Recommendations to be discussed
To reduce missing data goes with a legal framework = implement cultural statistics
Better coverage of surveys with cultural classes
In the long run, other developments such as:
Cultural employment
Trade in cultural goods and services
Indicators on copyrights
small-sized and non market entreprises
cultural satellite accounts.
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