1. Fall of Mongols/Ming Dynasty Overview

2. You Khan’t Always Get What You Want: The Fallout of the Yuan Dynasty
Inter-Mongol fighting
TAX FARMING = Peasant Rebellions
Plague (1340s)… Effects of the Plague…
Mongols out of China by 1368
The big point that you must know for the fall of the Mongols are: the plague and tax farming leading to peasant rebellions! Ethnic cleansing=Toghon Temur (new 13 year-old Mongol emperor) in 1333 planned to solve all problems by killing all people with the surname of chang, wang, liu, li, and chao. They become intolerant after they had been so tolerant for years!

3. The End Of The Exception
Old and new
Ming Dynasty Map

4. Ming Dynasty: Confucian Exam System Comes Back!
Chinese goods = superior (porcelain, silk, paper, etc.)
Europeans traded silver for these luxuries
At this point what should China do?
?Focus on internal building?
?Focus on external displays of power?

5. Inward-Focused Policies:
1) Banned overseas voyages 2) Didn’t focus on going OUT and trading (merchants viewed badly again) 3) Protect from scary pastoralists to the North Assumption = People will come to China b/c it is awesome. China does not need to go to others.

6. Not real, but how cool would that be????
Great Wall of China
Not real, but how cool would that be????
>

7. New Emperor’s Groove New Emperor Yongle in 1403
Establishes new Outward-Focused Policies
Trade increased
Built up the Forbidden City

8. 1) Show off Ming greatness
Each ship 400’ long & 160’ wide
Fleet of 57 vessels
7 voyages- approx. 28,000 traveled each time
Goals= (Aim to Awe, NOT Attack & NOT Trade)
1) Show off Ming greatness
2) Establish tribute states
Zheng He’s Voyages
Huge example of outward policies under emperor yongle

9. Ming Cultural Height
Porcelain and Painting reach new levels of greatness
Emperor’s use of Confucian rituals & art to legitimize rule & establish power become more important
Important Factors: The position of humans in Chinese art is small. If houses or people are shown, they are very little. NATURE is the most important factor.

10. Ming Art Characteristics
Mimicked style of previous CHINESE Dynasties (like Song)
Focus on Confucian harmony
Focus on NATURE, not humans (the opposite of Renaissance art!)
Used to display power
Use of Porcelain – especially blue and white ware

11. Blue and White Ming ware

12. This ceremonial gate shows the benevolent Confucian scholar-landlord (on the far left – the guy sitting behind a desk under a roof) overseeing the productivity of those living on his land.
The picture on the gate above shows a Confucian scholar on the left at a desk. It is basically a propaganda piece showing how the elites bring harmony to society.

13. Big Questions
What were some of the issues which led to the collapse of the Mongol Empire?
How did Confucian policies differ from those of Emperor Yongle?
For what purpose were the Zheng He voyages commissioned?
How is European Renaissance art and art of the Ming Dynasty to be compared?
1) Plague and peasant rebellions (tax farming issues). 2) inward vs. outward 3) to show off how awesome china was and gain tribute states 4) both looked to previous great empires and imitated that culture, but took it further

14. http://www. youtube. com/watch