1. CONFINED SPACES REFRESHER TRAINING
League of Nebraska Municipalities
Utilities Section

2. How Do We Know Where Confined Spaces Are Located?

4. Confined Spaces
(1) Is large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform assigned work (2) Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (3) Is not designed for continuous employee occupancy.
(4) Has the potential for a hazardous atmosphere.

5. Permit Required Confined Space
Permit-required: means a confined space that has one or more of the following characteristics: (1) Contains or has a potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere; (2) Contains a material that has the potential for engulfing an entrant; (3) Has an internal configuration such that an entrant could be trapped or asphyxiated by inwardly converging walls or by a floor which slopes downward and tapers to a smaller cross- section; or (4) Contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazard.

6. Flammable or Combustible

7. Smoker Ignites Portable Toilet Explosion
Jul 15, 7:25 AM (ET)
BLACKSVILLE, W.Va. (AP) - Warning: smoking in the toilet can be dangerous. A portable toilet exploded Tuesday after a man who was inside it lit a cigarette.
Emergency workers said the man was not severely injured and drove himself to Clay-Battelle Community Health Center. He was later transferred to Ruby Memorial Hospital. His name and condition were not available Wednesday.
The explosion, which occurred in Blacksville, resulted from a buildup of methane gas inside the portable toilet. The methane did not "take too kindly" to the lit cigarette, said a spokeswoman for Monongalia Emergency Medical Services.

8. Man Recovers from Toilet Explosion
MORGANTOWN, W.Va. July 23, 2004 — A Pennsylvania man who was burned when a lit cigarette in a portable toilet set off an explosion has returned home from a Morgantown hospital in West Virginia. Fifty-two-year-old John Jenkins of Brave, Pennsylvania, says he suffered third-degree burns over 20 percent of his body and won't be able to return to work for several months. Jenkins recalls little of the July 13th explosion. He says all he remembers is sitting down and lighting a cigarette. When he struck the lighter, he says the whole top blew off. Jenkins says a supervisor at North West Fuels Development told him that methane gas from a leaky stainless steel pipe about three feet under the portable toilet contributed to the explosion. Jenkins is a plant operator at the company's Parris Shaft near Blacksville. The pipe was part of a system designed to suck the gas out of abandoned coal mines nearby. Jenkins was released from Ruby Memorial Hospital on Tuesday, a week after the explosion.

9. Personal Protective Equipment
Donning & Doffing
Calibration
Monitoring
Alarms-Warnings
Extraction for area
Medical Monitoring
Equipment Maintenance

10. Confined Space Rescue Procedures
Before entering a confined space:
Understand Potential Dangers
Use Proper PPE
Have a Rescue Plan and equipment set up on site
Knowledge of rescue procedures and adequate personnel at work site

13. Questions?

14. Underground Electrical Vault