1. Introduction to Global History and Geography

2. On your white board, list the continents and oceans of the world
Open your introduction packet and label the continents and oceans
One more try!

3. World Continents And Oceans

4. Geography and its Impact on Civilizations
Protects civilization from invasion/war
Prevents cultural diffusion: when civilizations interact, trade and share ideas and beliefs with each other
Leads to cultural diversity: civilizations live near each other but do not share ideas/beliefs

5. Rivers
Provide civilization with drinking water, food, and fertile land for farming
Sometimes flood and cause damage
Makes travel easier

6. Mountains
Act as barrier from other civilizations
Poor farm land

7. Deserts Act as barrier from other civilizations
Little water, food and no farm land

8. Oceans and Seas (large bodies of salt water)
Acted as a barrier from other civilizations until sea travel was improved
Great highways of trade (easier to travel on water than land)
Rich sources of food

9. Rainforests Act as barrier from other civilizations
Abundance of animal life and is a great source of natural resources

10. Plains: large area of flat land at a low elevation
Good farming land
Good for trade and travel
No protection from invaders

11. Plateaus: Large area of flat land at a high elevation
Usually has good farming land
Sometimes the high elevation protects from invasion
Hard to get a fresh water source

12. Primary Source- a firsthand record of the event by a person who actually experienced the event
Diary/journal
Photographs/film footage
Auto-biography
Letters
Official records (census, logs)
Documents (treaty, constitution, etc.)

13. Secondary Source- a secondhand record created by a person who did NOT actually experience the event
Textbook
Novel
Magazine article
Biography
Encyclopedia
Timeline

14. Facts- agreed upon and accepted truths that cannot be disputed
Ex: George Washington was born in February
Ex: Humans are mammals
Ex: (Create your own)

15. Opinions- a belief or judgement
Ex: If you have a cold you should stay home from school
Ex: Gandhi was the greatest leader in India
Ex: (Create your own)

16. On your white board, write down any number
Next to the number either write “BC”, “BCE”, “CE”, “AD”, or
Arrange yourselves chronologically in a line
Write down a new date on your white board
Arrange yourselves chronologically in a line WITHOUT talking

17. Time Frames BCE= Before Common Era CE= Common Era (Before Christ)
(Anno Domini- year of our lord)
Time Frames
BCE= Before Common Era
CE= Common Era

18. Write a letter to your grandma/aunt/ etc
Write a letter to your grandma/aunt/ etc. telling her/him all about your first day of school (ideas to consider: what you ate, what you learned, where you went, how you got there, people you met, etc.)
Small groups
Each person should fill out the organizer based on EVERYTHING you did, ate, saw, etc. from the time you woke up yesterday, to the time you went to bed.
Analyze the results
Share out
Social Scientists

19. Historians- Study written records of past events
Economists- Study how societies use available resources.

20. Anthropologist- Study past and present human cultures
Archeologist- A type of anthropologist that studies cultures by analyzing physical remains (artifacts)

21. Geographers- Study the Earth’s surface and its impact on humans.
Geographers often examine:
Topography (physical land features)
Climate
Human migrations (movement)
The ways in which people adapt to their environments

22. What are some different types of maps used to interpret Geography?
Different maps can be used to show different things about the earth’s geography
Different maps work together with history to explain culture in different areas

23. Political Map: Used to show man-made boundaries such as countries, states, counties, towns, etc.

24. Physical /Topgraphical Map: Used to show the physical features of an area (mountains, rivers, lakes, etc.)

25. Democracy Definition: Examples:
Type of government in which the people have the power
Examples:
Ancient Athens (First democracy)
USA

26. Republic
Definition: A type of democracy in which people elect representatives
Example: USA

27. Monarchy Definition: Examples:
Type of government in which a King or Queen rules
(Limited Monarch= King’s power is limited (usually by a constitution)
(Absolute Monarchy= King’s power is absolute)
Examples:
King Henry VIII of England
King Louis XIV of France

28. Dictatorship/ Totalitarian/ Absolute
Definition:
Type of government in which one person has absolute control and makes all of the decisions
Examples:
China under Mao Zedong
Germany under Hitler
Soviet Union under Stalin

30. Climate Map: Used to show how average temperatures vary across the globe

31. Population Map: Used to show how many people live in certain areas of the world

32. Resource Map: Used to show what/the amount of natural resources available in an area

33. Anytime you see a map, make sure to read the:
Title
Key
Labels
Scale
Additional notes
(see review book for practice)

34. Latitude and Longitude

35. TYPES OF GOVERNMENTS

36. Theocracy Definition: Examples: Type of government based on religion
Iran
Vatican City
Mali under Mansa Musa

37. Anarchy Definition: Examples: No government/ lawlessness
Periods of time during the Middle Ages

38. Types of Economies What should be produced. How should it be produced
Types of Economies What should be produced? How should it be produced? Should individuals have control? Should the government ever step in?

39. Traditional Economy
People trade goods and services with each other until they receive what they want
Don’t use money
Examples:
Early civilizations
Tribal groups

40. Manorialism
An economic system in Medieval Europe in which lords owned manors (areas of land) that were self-sufficient (provided for its own needs)

41. Mercantilism
System in which the colony produces raw materials for the mother country, who turns them into manufactured good and sells them back for a profit (benefits the mother country)

42. Mother Country (ex. Spain, Portugal, England, France)
Mercantilism
Colony
(ex. New Spain, Peru)
Mother Country (ex. Spain, Portugal, England, France)

44. Market Economy/ Free- market/ Capitalism
Economic decisions are made by individuals based on supply and demand
Good: individual choice, competition motivates people to work harder, people try to make a profit
Bad: bigger gap between rich and poor

45. Geography and its Impact on Civilizations