1. The Counter Reformation
Essential Question: What tools did the Catholic Church use to try and stop the spread of Protestantism?

2. The Council of Trent
, a meeting of Church officials to reform and define the Catholic belief system
Clarify how Catholicism is different from Protestantism

3. Methods to Prevent Protestantism
The Catholic Church tried to prevent the spread of Protestantism by…
1. Seeking out and punishing Protestants (the Inquisition)
2. Banning books & literature written by Protestant leaders
3. Creating new religious orders to spread Catholic teachings (The Jesuits)

4. Martin Luther’s trial...
The Roman Catholic Church brought Martin Luther to trial for heresy and he was told to recant or be excommunicated. Martin Luther stood by his ideas so the Church found him guilty of heresy and he was punished by excommunication.

5. Punishment The Inquisiton
A court established to investigate people who opposed the Catholic Church
Church officials often used intimidation and sometimes even torture
The Spanish Inquisition was so effective, it helped Spain remain Catholic.

6. New Religious Orders The Jesuits (The Society of Jesus)
Founded by Ignatius of Loyola
Studied the teachings of St. Thomas Aquinas to be loving and kind to all
Obedience and disciplined in spreading Catholicism
Learned many languages

7. Results of the Reformation
The division of western Christianity into Catholicism and Protestantism
Religious wars and persecution during the 16th and 17th centuries
The Thirty Years’ War ( ): Catholics vs. Protestants in Germany. Ended with the signing of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648
The rise of nationalism and federalism, the idea of self-government began to take hold

9. Spreading Christianity
Missionaries set out to spread Christianity(Protestantism and Catholicism) globally during the following Age of Exploration
Many traveled the world to persuade people to convert.
Divisions within Christianity persisted in areas around the world
Many people in South America are Catholics today because they were colonized by Spain and Portugal, which were Catholic countries.

10. Impact of Missionaries