1. Challenge Problem
1. From the article Tues, describe the disease FOP. 2. Write down 2 things you know about muscles. 3. How can you look like this guy? 4. T/F- you want to look like him or date him 5. Why, why not?

2. Muscles: An Overview
Ch. 6a

3. The Muscular System
Muscles are responsible for all types of body movement
Three basic muscle types are found in the body
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Slide 6.1
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

4. Characteristics of Muscles
Muscle cells are elongated (muscle cell = muscle fiber)
Contraction of muscles is due to the movement of microfilaments
All muscles share some terminology
Prefix myo refers to muscle
Prefix mys refers to muscle
Prefix sarco refers to flesh
Slide 6.2
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

5. Quick Quiz 1 of 3
What is another name for a muscle cell?

6. Function of Muscles Produce movement Maintain posture Stabilize joints
Generate heat
Slide 6.8
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

7. Quick Quiz 2 of 3 Name the four functions of muscles
What other body systems does the muscular system work with in order to maintain homeostasis? Explain your answer.

8. Three Basic Muscle Types
Smooth Muscle
Makes hollow organs move
Ex: stomach
Involuntary
Single nucleus per cell
Smooth appearance

9. Smooth Muscle Characteristics
Has no striations
Spindle-shaped cells
Single nucleus
Involuntary – no conscious control
Found mainly in the walls of hollow organs
Figure 6.2a
Slide 6.6
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

10. Person wearing red
Tell your table 2 things about smooth muscle

11. Three Basic Muscle Types
Cardiac Muscle
Makes heart beat
Involuntary
Single nucleus per cell
Striated with intercalated disks

12. Cardiac Muscle Characteristics
Has striations
Usually has a single nucleus
Joined to another muscle cell at an intercalated disc
Involuntary
Found only in the heart
Figure 6.2b
Slide 6.7
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

13. Tallest person
Tell your table 2 things about cardiac muscle

14. Three Basic Muscle Types
Skeletal Muscle
Moves bones
Voluntary Movement
Striated
Multinucleated

15. Skeletal Muscle Characteristics
Most are attached by tendons to bones
Cells are multinucleate
Striated – have visible banding
Voluntary – subject to conscious control
Cells are surrounded and bundled by connective tissue
Slide 6.3
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

16. Curliest-haired person
Tell your table 2 things about skeletal muscle

17. Connective Tissue Wrappings of Skeletal Muscle
Endomysium
around single muscle fiber
Perimysium
around a fascicle (bundle) of fibers
Figure 6.1
Slide 6.4a

18. Connective Tissue Wrappings of Skeletal Muscle
Epimysium
covers the entire skeletal muscle
Fascia
on the outside of the epimysium
Figure 6.1
Slide 6.4b

19. Skeletal Muscle Attachments
Epimysium blends into a connective tissue attachment
Tendon – cord-like structure
Aponeuroses – sheet-like structure
Sites of muscle attachment
Bones
Cartilages
Connective tissue coverings
Slide 6.5
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

20. Quick Quiz 3 of 3 Identify the type of muscle found in the heart?
2. Where can one find smooth muscle?
3. If you lost the function of one type of muscle, which would it be and why?

21. Building a Muscle
- Each gets several pasta pieces, straw and 3cm wrap
- Each person cut a skinny piece of wrap 3cm
- For each table, cut a square piece of wrap
1. Stuff pasta (myofibrils) into straw (muscle fiber)
2. Wrap straw with 3cm plastic wrap (endomysium)
3. Bundle groups’ straws together
4. Wrap in plastic wrap- (fascicle in perimysium)
5. Get all fascicles in class together
6. Wrap together to make muscle surrounded by epimysium and create a tendon