1. Medial meniscus injury

6. Function of menisci Acts as the shock absorber
Helps the knee in locking mechanism
Assists and controls gliding and rolling motion of the knee
Contributes towards the stability of the knee joint
Weight transmission

7. Medial meniscus injury
Medial meniscus is more commonly injuried than the lateral and is usually associated with other ligament injuries of the knee.
Lateral meniscus is less common :
- because it is smaller in diameter , thicker in periphery , wide , more mobile and attached to both cruciate ligament.

8. Mechanism of injury Rotational force when a flexed knee extends
In young : it can occur only when weight is being taken , knee is flexed and there is a twisting strain. Young active athletes
In middle life : fibrosis has decreased the mobility of meniscus and hence tear occurs with less force

9. Features medial meniscus
Shape semicircular
Anterior horn - attached to tibial intercondylar eminence in front ACL
Posterior horn – intercondylar area in front of PCL and behind posterior horn of lateral meniscuc
Mobility less mobile
Lateral meniscus
- circular
- attached to tibial
intercondylar eminence lateral to ACL
To the intercondylar eminence
more mobile

10. classification based on their tear patterns : -
Diagram of meniscal tear patterns: (A) Vertical or longitudinal (Bucket-handle), (B) Flap or Oblique, (C) Radial or Transverse, (D) Horizontal, (E) Complex degenerative

11. .

12. Most common symptoms Knee pain Swelling of the knee
Tenderness when pressing on the meniscus
Popping or clicking within the knee
Limited motion of the knee joint

13. Signs Locking +ve McMurray`s test +ve Apley`s test +ve
Duck waddle test +ve
Steinmann`s sign +ve
Quadriceps atrophy +ve
Medial joint line tenderness +ve

14. Figure 5. The McMurray test Is performed by flexing the patient's hip and knee and palpating for a pop or click along the joint line as the tibia is internally and externally rotated

15. Figure : - The Apley test
Apley`s distraction test
Apley`s compression test

16. Figure 4. The Steinman test produces joint line pain when the tibia is rotated internally and externally while the knee is flexed over the examination table