1. Greece at War

2. Two Major Wars:
Persian Wars
Peloponnesian Wars

3. The Persian Wars

4. Refresh your memory! Persian Empire
Strongest ____ power in ancient world
Greece’s neighbor

6. Persian Leadership ____ : Emperor of Persia Decides to conquer Greece
Gathered a huge army and navy and tried to invade Greece
What does Greece do?

7. All the Greek City-States ____ to fight Persia!

8. Persian Wars Persian Wars = many battles between ____ and ____
Important Battles
Marathon
Salamis
Thermopylae

9. Marathon The Greeks were ____ Charged the Persians and won!
(6,000 Persians died, 192 Greeks died)

10. Marathon Pheidippides
A Greek messenger
Ran from Marathon to Athens with news of the victory
Athens was 26.2 miles away
Shouted “Nike!!!” and died of exhaustion
Beginnings of the marathon race

11. Nike
Goddess of ____

12. King Xerxes
Emperor of Persia, son of Darius

13. Thermopylae Thermopylae = ____ Persians vs. 7,000 Greeks
300 of whom were ____ under the leadership of ____ of Sparta
They were sent to delay the Persians

14. Thermopylae The Spartans held out for ____!
They were ____ by a Greek traitor

15. Phalanx
____, rows of soldiers standing shoulder-to- shoulder

16. Persians invade Greece
The Persians found ____ abandoned.
So they burned and destroyed the city.
The Persians found a Greek who “____” the location of the Greek fleet.
BUT…

17. It’s a ____!! – The Battle of Salamis
Greek navy vs. Persians
Greek vessels = smaller, more ____ Greeks easily ____

18. Results of the Persian Wars
Persians ____ to Asia Minor and never invaded Greece again!!
Greeks controlled ____ area
Because of absence of outside threat, Greece was able to develop the cultural and political ____ that still influence us today!!!

19. How do we know so much about this war?
???????
Ex: _____ - the “Father of History”

20. Pericles and the Golden Age of Greece (We’ll come back to this)

21. The Peloponnesian Wars

22. Cause of the Peloponnesian Wars
Sparta
____ League
Athens
____ League

23. Alliance: a friendship formed for mutual benefit
The Leagues
Each is an ____ of city- states
Alliance: a friendship formed for mutual benefit

24. Plague: widespread disease
Peloponnesian Wars
Peloponnesian League attacked ____ ALSO – Athens was hit by a ____ because of crowded conditions… 25% of population died
Plague: widespread disease

25. Peloponnesian Wars Sparta made a deal with ____ :
Sparta gave ____ to Persia
Persia supplied gold for Sparta to build ____

26. Peloponnesian Wars
____ wins!

27. Results of Peloponnesian Wars
Spartan leadership ____ Greece 
Sparta tried to ____ and rule Greece BUT…
Greek city-states ____
Cultural development ____
Unemployment ____
Men became ____ (hired soldiers) in Persian army
Greece ____

28. How do we know so much about this war?
???????
_________