1. LHCb Upgrade: Flavour Physics at High Luminosity
Chris Parkes
LHCb - Aims for first phase (~2013)
SuperLHCb physics – Probing New Physics
Technology - Vertex Trigger, Radiation Level
Conclusion- Forward Plan
Thanks to LHCb collaborators, notably:
Hans Dijkstra, Jim Libby, Franz Muheim, Guy Wilkinson,
EPS HEP Conference, Manchester, Detector Session, July 21st 2007

2. CP Violation & Rare Decay Experiment
Dedicated B System
CP Violation & Rare Decay Experiment
Full spectrum of B hadrons:
Bs system, All angles, sides of both CKM s
Lots of events !
250 mrad
10 mrad p

3. LHCb Construction on Schedule
Muon
Calorimeters
RICH2
Trackers
Magnet
RICH1
VELO

4. Flavour Physics Progress
Spectacular progress in heavy flavour physics:
Baseline measurement ACP (J/y KS)
Bs Oscillations Measurement, Charm results
Impressive range of additional measurements
LHCb Goals - First Phase 10 fb-1
First observation of very rare decay
Bs mixing phase
Unitarity Triangle
Today
at 0.01 rad
γ at few degrees
10 fb-1
LHCb
+ lattice
BDK
BsDsK
B(s)h+h− exploiting U-spin

5. LHCb Physics Programme
Limited by Detector
But NOT Limited by LHC
Upgrade to extend Physics reach
Exploit advances in detector technology
Radiation Hard Vertex Detector
Displaced Vertex Trigger
Better utilise LHC capabilities
Timescale, 2015
Collect ~100 fb-1 data
Modest cost compared with existing accelerator infrastructure
Independent of
LHC upgrade
SLHC not needed
But compatible
with SLHC phase

6. Upgrade Physics Programme Examples
Complementary to ATLAS / CMS direct searches
New particles are discovered
LHCb measure flavour couplings through loop diagrams
No new particles are found
LHCb probe NP at multi-TeV energy scale
CP Violation
Angle  to better than 10
Tree Diagram Dominated Decays, <<10 theory
Gluonic Penguins
BdK0
Rare Decays
Angular Correlations
- Not just Afb
Charm Physics
Mixing studies in D0→hh
CPV searches
LHCb 2 fb-1 superimposed
Rare decays, eg. D(0)(s)→l+l- [(Xu,s)]

7. loops - penguin dominated
Bs mixing phase
Also measure from
loops - penguin dominated
 = New Physics !
CDF ms
Ligeti et al.
[hep-ph/ ]
Blanke & Buras
[hep-ph/ ]
Standard LHCb 1 Year SM
Little Higgs
Model
Upgrade can achieve 10% measurement of SM

8. Initial Phase of LHCb Operations
Displaced Vertex trigger
2nd level of triggering
Multiple Interactions
Limit Triggering
Data taking starts 2008
Defocus LHC beams
LHCb L= 2x1032 cm-2s-1
Factor 50 below ATLAS/CMS design L
Most events have single interaction
LHCb Upgrade L= 2x1033 cm-2s-1
Cope with 4 int./x-ing
SLHC peak L= 8×1034 cm-2s-1
Baseline - 40MHz, alternate High, Low I
rate of pp interactions
LHCb H L
Select Low I for desired luminosity
GPDs H H
Effective 20MHz Crossing rate

9. LHCb Trigger System Cope with 4 interactions / beam crossing
Existing 1st Level Trigger 1MHz readout
Veto on multiple
interactions
Existing Trigger based on:
High pT Muons
Calorimeter Clusters
Current 1st Level Trigger Performance
Events with muons
– trigger efficient
Events with hadrons
– need improved
trigger
Require Displaced
Vertex Trigger
At 1st level

10. Trigger Gains – 40 MHz readout
Improve efficiency for
hadrons and photons
εTrig(B→hadronic) ~ 25-35%
εTrig(B→γX) ~ 30-40%
εTrig(B→μμX) ~ 60-70%
Higher Level Trigger
Only limitations
CPU
Algorithmic Ingenuity
(Former) improves with Moore’s Law

11. Radiation Hard Vertex Locator
Active Silicon only
8mm from LHC beam
Upgrade Requires high radiation
tolerance device
> MeV neutroneq /cm2
Strixels / Pixels
n-on-p, MCz, 3D
VELO Module x
390 mrad y
60 mrad x
8cm
15 mrad z
1 m
Z Beam
Pixel layout

12. LHCb Upgrade Baseline & Issues
ECAL
Trigger in CPU Farm
Event building at 40 MHZ, CPU power OK
Hadron efficiency ~ factor two improvement
Read-out all detector 40MHz
Replace all FE Electronics
Vertex locator, Silicon Tracker, RICH HPD,
Outer Tracker FE, Calorimeter FE boards
Radiation Damage
Need to replace Velo anyway
Inner part of Shashlik Calorimeter
Inner part of silicon tracker
Remove muon chamber before Calorimeter
Occupancy
Inner part of outer tracker, 6%25%
Increase silicon coverage (faster gas, scintillating fibres)
Tracking algorithms for higher occupancy
PWO crystals
Inner / Outer Tracker

13. Upgrade Summary Major Physics Programme at modest cost
Flavour Sector of New Physics
s measurement
Precision 
Critical Technology
Radiation Hard Vertex Detector
With Displaced Vertex Trigger
Compatible with but independent of SLHC ?
Upgrade
Lowry
LHCb preparation in good shape
Looking forward to first data
And an even brighter far future

14. University of Glasgow, Scotland
1st - 5th September 2008
The conference explores the scientific and technical developments of detector systems used in: Astronomy and space science; Astrophysics; Condensed matter studies; Industrial applications; Life sciences; Medical physics; Nuclear Physics, Particle physics and Synchrotron based science.
National Organising
Committee
(subject to change)
P.P. Allport, Liverpool
R.L. Bates, Glasgow
A.J. Bird, Southampton
C.R. Cunningham, UK ATC, Edinburgh
G.E. Derbyshire, STFC, RAL
P. Evans, ICR, London
R. Farrow, STFC, Daresbury
W. Faruqi, MRC, Cambridge
M. Grande, Aberystwyth
P.R. Hobson, Brunel
D.P. Langstaff, Aberystwyth
P.J. Nolan, Liverpool
D.J. Parker, Birmingham
P.J. Sellin, Surrey
A. Smith, MSSL, London
R. Speller, UCL, London
T.J. Sumner, IC, London
S. Watts, Manchester