1. 8. What kind of stories reflect the psychological and social realism
8.What kind of stories reflect the psychological and social realism? Please explain these two realism respectively and find two books that reflect each realism.
Contemporary realism classifies adventure, survival stories, domestic fiction, social realism, psychological realism, and animal stories.

2. 1) Social realism focuses on social problems
e.g. poverty, crime, education, working conditions, corruption) and how those problems affect the characters in the novel.
- In the latter half of the twentieth century: examine the important issues facing the world.
e.g. racial struggles, the effects of poverty, unban crime, problems of the aged and the disabled, and the effects of war
-offer hope amid the struggle, although the message is usually that, if hardship is to be overcome, it will be through perseverance and determination and not through some happy accident.

3. Where the Lilies Bloom by Bill and Vera Cleaver deal with plight of the rural poor and combines features of the family story and social realism

4. The Outsiders by S.E. Hinton -It is about the plight of inner-city youth plagued by poverty and lack of guidance. -It was one of the books heralding what has come to be called the new realism. (characterized by frankness, absence of sentimentality, a diminishing of hope)

5. 2) The issues of people with special needs
Theme: the need for society’s increased awareness of and deeper sensitivity for the individuals with special needs.
Book1: Me and Einstein by Rose Blue → dyslexia
Book2: Killing the Kudu by Carolyn Meyer → paraplegic, immobility
Book3: I Can Hear the Mourning Dove by James Bennett
→ emotional problems(hallucinations, depression and schizophrenic)

6. 3) Another issue: aging
Society has a habit of removing the elderly from sight,
Remind us all of our own mortality (언젠가는 죽어야 함.)
Understanding of the aging process, a deeper sense of commitment to our aging population

7. Psychological realism focuses on the individual’s emotional reaction and adjustment to life’s experiences.
Common subjects: adjusting to friendships, coming to terms with sexuality, accepting realism, and personal crises that inevitably accompany growing up.
The chief focus is on personal development of the central character.

8. Ira sleeps Over by Bernard Waber
Two boys Ira, Reggie
Sleep over at friend’s house for the first time
teddy bears (Tah- Tah, Foo-Foo)
(7:52)

9. Tiger Eyes by Judy Blume
A story is about a young girl adjusting
to the tragic murder of her father.
A 15 years old girl, Davey tried to recover her life from her father’s death. He was shot in his store. Her mother decided to move her family to New Mexico for a while. Davey meets the mysterious Wolf, who can read Davey’s“sadeyes.” Wolf is the only person who seems to understand the rage and fear Davey feels. 

10. Books based on Psychological realism: Explore the personal difficulties facing young people in the process of maturing, but more importantly, there is the implicit faith in the resilience and ultimate good sense of young people.
the ordinary events in the childhood (first love, the cruelty of children, jealousy, and struggles with schoolwork), mental illness and alcoholism.
An eleven-year-old foster child tries to cope with her longings and fears as she schemes against everyone who tries to be friendly.
The story ends with Gilly on the phone crying to Trotter(new foster mother) to take her back.

11. The Problem Novel
Extremely popular with many adolescents, who readily identify with the characters, their feelings and predicaments
Explores significant psychological issues with sensitivity, gives vivid characters with depth of emotion
Used as part of bibliotherapy (a process by which young people are assisted in coping with personal problems through directed reading)
→ effective to expand the readers’ experiences, broadens the reader’s mind, multiplies the readers’ possible responses to problems.