1. PORT MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION OF WEST & CENTRAL AFRICA CASE STUDY: THE IMPACT OF MODE OF FINANCING ON PORT INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION NIGERIAN PORTS PERSPECTIVE
PRESENTED
DURING TECHNICAL STUDIES, INFRASTRUCTURE & DEVELOPMENT (TSID) COMMITTEE MEETING IN BANJUL, GAMBIA
12TH - 16TH NOVEMBER, 2018

2. PRESENTATION OUTLINE INTRODUCTION LIST OF PROJECTS MODE OF FUNDING
ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGES
RECOMMENDATION

3. INTRODUCTION: Map of Africa

4. Historical Background
- Major Port operations started in Lagos by mid 19th Century
Port Harcourt – 1913 for exporting coal and other agricultural products
NPA was established in 1955 via the Port Act 1954
Warri, Calabar and Onne ports followed after Nigerian civil war
Port reform – Land Lord model commenced in 2006
Private terminal operators providing port services
Private initiative now on stream in the Port industry – Badagry, Lekki & Ibaka
Statutory Duties And Functions
- Develop, own and operate ports and harbours
- Provide safe and navigable channel
- Offer cargo handling and storage services
- Maintain Port facilities and equipment
- Ensure safety and security
- Develop and own property

5. Location of Ports in Nigeria
Warri Port
(1979)
Calabar Port Complex (1979)
Lagos Port Complex (1856)
Tincan Island Port Complex (1977)
Rivers Port Complex (1913)
Onne Port Complex (1983)

6. MODES OF FINANCING GOVERNMENT – Direct funding/Loan
Public Private Partnership (PPP):
Build, Operate & Transfer (BOT)
Build, Own, Operate & Transfer (BOOT)
Build, Own & Operate (BOO)
Design, Build, Finance & Operate (DBFO)
Rehabilitate, Operate & Transfer (ROT)

7. PROJECTS & MODE OF FINANCING - Rehabilitation of Lagos Breakwaters (Moles) – Direct funding - Onne Port development - BOT - Lekki Deep Sea Port development – DBFO - Grimaldi Terminal, TCIP development – BOT - MRS terminal berth extension – BOOT - Development of Bonny Deep Sea Port - BOT - Development of Dangote refinery - BOO

8. Breakwater Rehab– Safe access channel with navigational aids
Commodore channel – Lagos Port entrance (4Nm)

9. Major Port development at Onne

10. Nonfunctional breakwater

11. Reconstructed Breakwater

12. Eroded bar beach wiith failed breakwaters at Lagos harbour entrance
The entrance showing Land reclamation wiith reconstructed breakwaters

13. MERIT/DEMERIT OF FINANCING METHOD
1. Government
S/NO
ADVANTAGE
DISADVANTAGE 1
Direct control
No business initiative 2
Greater benefit to the masses economically and employment wise
Lack of fund for other demanding services 3
No mortgaging of lifes of unborn generation
Generations in bundage when unserviceable loan is utilized

14. MERIT/DEMERIT OF FINANCING METHOD CONT’D
2. PPP MODELS
S/NO
ADVANTAGE
DISADVANTAGE 1
Availablility of fund & relief to Government
High cost of fund 2
Services guaranteed
Lack of government protection. Masses exposed to sherlocks 3
Beneficial to Operator/Financier
Generations in bondage. Under economic slavery

15. RECOMMENDATION
Direct funding by Government for basic services should be encouraged
PPP models shortchanges the masses, however since it is unavoidable in today’s world the clauses that are anti-economic emancipation and that allow for renewal of agreement should be deligently checkmated to stop the continuous rape of the citizens
Conclusively, the future is bright for Port Industries in West and Central Africa in general provided the economic impact of financial models are noted before deployment

16. ?
Thank you for your attention
Ndubuisi Nwankwo