1. Simian retroviruses in African apes
M. Peeters, E. Delaporte 
Clinical Microbiology and Infection 
Volume 18, Issue 6, Pages (June 2012)
DOI: /j x
Copyright © 2012 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

2. FIG. 1
HIV-1 is derived from simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) circulating in chimpanzees and/or gorillas from west Central Africa. Evolutionary relationships of SIVcpzPts infecting eastern chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) are in blue, those of SIVcpzPtt infecting central chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) are in red, those of SIVgor infecting western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) are in green, and those of HIV-1 group M, N, O and P strains in humans are in black, based on maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis of partial Env (gp41) sequences. Horizontal branch lengths are drawn to scale (the scale bar indicates 0.1 substitutions per site), and bootstrap values >80% are represented by grey asterisks. The geographical range of the four chimpanzee subspecies are shown in the upper right panel. The geographical ranges of gorilla species and bonobos are shown in the lower right panel. The arrows between the phylogenetic tree and the map indicate the ape reservoirs with the ancestors of or most closely related strains to the different HIV-1 groups. DRC, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Clinical Microbiology and Infection  , DOI: ( /j x)
Copyright © 2012 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

3. FIG. 2
Non-invasive methods for the detection of retroviral infections in faeces. Collection of faecal samples at nesting sites of gorillas (left upper panel) and chimpanzees (right upper panel) and subsequent storage in RNA later (middle). Photographs by Sabrina Locatelli and Florian Liegeois. mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA.
Clinical Microbiology and Infection  , DOI: ( /j x)
Copyright © 2012 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

4. FIG. 3
Human exposure to retroviruses. Pictures taken between 2001 and 2009 in Cameroon and Democratic Republic of Congo, illustrating bushmeat (smoked (a), butchering (b)) and pet chimpanzee as bushmeat byproducts (c). Photographs by Bernadette Abela (a, c), and Steve Ahuka-Mundeke (b).
Clinical Microbiology and Infection  , DOI: ( /j x)
Copyright © 2012 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions