1. CARDIAC OUTPUT 1.STROKE VOLUME 2.CARDIAC INDEX 3.VENOUS RETURN
4.RIGHT ATRIAL PRESSURE 1

2. HYPEREFFECTIVE AND HYPOEFFECTIVE HEART
DEFINITION
CAUSES
1.HYPEREFFECTIVE
A. NERVOUS EXCITATION
B.HYPERTROPHY OF HEART MUSCLE 2

3. 2.HYPOEFFECTIVE A.HEART DISEASES B.INHIBIT NERVOUS EXCITATION

5. FACTORS AFFECT ON CARDIAC OUTPUT
1.VENOUS RETURN
2.RIGHT ATRIAL PRESSURE
3.CIRCULATORY FILLING PRESSURE
4.SYMPATHETIC STIMULATION
5.ELECTROLYTES
6.PERIPHERAL RESISTANCE 5

10. MEASUREMENTS OF CARDIAC OUTPUT
1.DIRECT FICK METHOD
2.INDICATOR DILUTION METHOD 10