1. The Industrial Revolution in the United States
Aim: What were the Causes & Effects of the Industrial Revolution? Do Now: Write in your notebook. What was Alexander Hamilton’s vision of America? Thomas Jefferson’s vision?
The Industrial Revolution in the United States C
Mr. Ott – BETA

2. The Industrial Revolution – in the United States
British mercantilism kept the U.S. as a colony which delayed economic development until Late 18th Century (1790s).
Great Britain prohibited the sale of manufacturing equipment and emigration of skilled labor to U.S.
Adam Smith influenced the U.S. economic system.

3. What was life & work like…?
The Industrial Revolution
What was life & work like…?
Before:
People Produced Goods in their Homes (Families & (Cottage Industry)
People Farmed for what they needed
Subsistence Farming
Or Sold Small Quantities
During:
People Manufactured Goods in Factories
Mass Production
Textiles, etc
People Produced a Surplus of Food to Sell at Market
Cotton, Corn, etc
Found New Ways to Improve their life.

4. Cotton Gin Increased Cotton Production & Slavery
Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin in 1793.
Eli Whitney’s cotton gin.
Cotton Gin Increased Cotton Production & Slavery

5. Interchangeable Parts
Identical parts that can be substituted in the manufacture or repair of a product
Invented by Eli Whitney to make muskets for the U.S. government
Assembly Lines
Each worker adding one part in order to create a finished product
Used first in Lowell’s textile (clothes) factories
Resulted in the construction of factories across the Northern U.S.

6. Early Industrial Development– Textile (Fabric) Mills
Largest industry at the time was textiles.
Even though the textile industry was the largest business, factories were still small
An early textile mill.

7. Textile (fabric) Mills
Samuel Slater – “Rhode Island System”
First to use steam-driven power looms for making textiles.
Francis Lowell – “Waltham System”
Used water-power looms.
Hired non-family supervisors & managers with corporate model.
Used integrated spinning and weaving to manufacture goods in large quantities.
Relied on adult female labor.
Francis Lowell
Samuel Slater

8. Textile Mill at Pawtucket, Rhode Island
Mill – present day reconstruction
Depiction of Mill

9. Courtesy of Association of American Railroads (AAR)
The Railroads
Courtesy of Association of American Railroads (AAR)
First “big business” in the U.S. – developed c
Started the transportation revolution.
Facilitated U.S. industry move from local markets to national markets.
Railroads had size and complexity.
Required a management system.

10. Communication Revolution
Telegraph, patented by Samuel Morse in 1837, started concurrent revolution in communication.
By 1860, about 50,000 miles of wires extended over the eastern U.S.
Dramatic effect on business communication.
Facilitated U.S. industry move from local markets to national markets.
Richard Sears used the telegraph to see gold watches – the first electronic commerce.
Samuel Morse

11. Industrial Revolution - Results
From independence to 1860, the U.S. grew and developed industry.
Period was critical to development of the modern business.
Railroads and the telegraph allowed businesses to grow nationwide.
Development of the Middle Class.
Inventions improved quality of life for people.