1. FPLMN: A detailed Explanation | UPLMN, OPLMN, HPLMN, VPLMN, EPLMN, IPLMN FPLMN: What is FPLMN? | A detailed Explanation | Forensic SIM Analysis Author of ForensicReader.comForensicReader.com Author of ForensicReader.comForensicReader.com Presented by

2. Table of Content  What is FPLMN?  Why FPLMN is used?  Process of Data Retention of FPLMN  Forensic Importance of FPLMN  More about PLMN  Some other terms reacted to PLMN  HPLMN OPLMN  IPLMN EPLMN  VPLMN UPLMN

3. 1.As we know FPLMN is a list of stored information on a SIM card that consists of forbidden networks. 2.Generally, traditional modems save networks to FPLMN list after failed attempts at registering onto them.modems save networks 3.The main reason to save this list is to speed up connections while registering to the same network in the future. speed up connection

4. Why is FPLMN is used ? 1.FPLMN in telecom stands for Forbidden Public Land Mobile Network. 2.It is anElementary File under DF structure for GSM (DF_GSm). Elementary File (DF_ 3. FPLMN helps to identify networks with which the device carrier does not have a valid agreement to access. 4.The PLMN will be termed to be as FPLMN when the network rejects the location update due to PLMN is not allowed.PLMN

5. Process of Data Retention of FPLMN FPLMN Elementary File earlier days can save up to four records. New UICC specification extends this limit up to n records which further depends and varied by the card manufacturer and corresponding carrier specification. Irrespective to the manufacturer, each card has a limit to a number of FPLMN records to hold up. At the point when a record is added to the FPLMN Elementary File, that record is set after the last record; if there are no extra slots available, the first record is expelled out and the new record is added to the last available slot. FPLMN At the point when a record is added to the FPLMN Elementary File, that record is set after the last record; if there are no extra slots available, the first record is expelled out and the new record is added to the last available slot. FPLMN

6. Forensic Importance of FPLMN The forensic aspects, an FPLMN is useful for the examiner in the following ways: FPLMN identifies specific country codes, and also The carrier of record. These help to identify the geographical area where the mobile device was being used and intended to access the network.

7. More about PLMN PLMN stands for Public Land Mobile Network. It is a defined area, to which the mobile operator has access to a service provider for voice and data services in that specific area. PLMN When a PLMN connects to other PLMN networks in order to provide voice and data services then it charges the roaming services. In other words, if you migrate to different states then your previous states PLMN networks get interconnect to the new migrated area to serves you their services.

8. Forensic Importance of FPLMN  A PLMN has a unique identifier called a PLMN identifier which has a globally unique code.  It consists of MCC (Mobile Country) and MNC (Mobile Network Code).  It is five to six digit number which identity: A country, and Network Operator Example: 310-06 or 310-038.

9. Some other terms reacted to PLMN VPLMN stands for Visiting Public Land Mobile Network. It can be defined as when a subscriber in roaming attaches to the roaming core network via the access network. Then, this Roaming core network belongs to a PLMN which can be called as VPLMN. VPLMN. HPLMN abbreviated for Home Public Land Mobile Network. It identifies the PLMN in which the subscriber’s profile is configured (or we can say that the local place from where it (SIM) brought to). When the users migrated or travel to other regions (a roaming area) then it receives subscription information from the HPLMN. HPLMN. HPLMN VPLMN

10. Some other terms reacted to PLMN OPLMN stands for Operator Public Land Mobile Network. The just opposite of UPLMN, here the PLMN priority is set by the mobile provider UPLMN OPLMN UPLMN UPLMN stands for User Public Land Mobile Network. It belongs to user priority i.e. which PLMN the user wants to connect and its priory set by the user alone.

11. Some other terms reacted to PLMN IPLMN VPLMN EPLMNEPLMN stands for Equivalent Public Land Mobile Network. Here is a shift in the services provider with charging the roaming due to unavailability of the native service provider or operator. Interrogating Public Land Mobile Network abbreviated form of IPLMN. IPLMN. As per the name in this PLMN there is a process of interrogation. It serves the two- step process: When a dialed subscriber the call first directed to GMSC (Gateway Mobile Switching Centre ) Then interrogation comes into the role: In GMSC the call is interrogated for further call routing.