1. Cellular Respiration
Textbook chapter 9

2. Goals Explain what cellular respiration is
Identify what is required and created for glycolysis and the krebs cycle
Name the two main types of fermentation
Identify three pathways the body uses to release energy
Compare photosynthesis and cellular respiration

3. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
Remember! Autotrophs are organisms that can make their own source of food. Heterotrophs are organisms that Cannot make their own food.
Which organisms would perform photosynthesis?

4. Cellular respiration
The process by which carbohydrates (glucose) are broken down to produce atp for a cell
Cell Respiration is converting Chemical Energy into Usable energy!
Autotrophs produce the glucose required for cellular respiration
Heterotrophs consume the glucose required for cellular respiration

5. mitochondria
Myth: Plant cells have chloroplasts and animal cells have mitochondria.
Fact: both plant and animal cells have mitochondria.
The mitochondria is where cellular respiration takes place.
Transforms food molecules into atp energy the cell can use for life functions

6. Mitochondria
If all cells have mitochondria, why don’t all cells have chloroplast?

7. ATP Atp = Adenosine triphosphate
ATP is the main energy molecule used by all living cells
Cells can’t use stored energy in glucose directly—it must be converted into atp (usable energy) first!
ATP functions like a battery that can store and transport energy from one part of the cell to another

8. Cell Respiration Equation
Glucose + O2  CO2 + H2O + ATP
Sugar + Oxygen  Carbon + Water + energy
Dioxide

9. The parts of cellular respiration
Required
Glucose
Oxygen
Produced
Carbon Dioxide
Water
ATP (ENERGY)

10. Stages of Cellular Respiration
There are 3 parts to Cellular Respiration:
Glycolysis
Produces ATP
Krebs Cycle
Produces CO2 and ATP
Electron Transport
Produces a lot of atp

11. Glycolysis Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of the cell
Glycolysis Uses Glucose to produce Pyruvic Acid (or Pyruvate)
secondary products of Glycolysis are ATP (4) and NADPH

12. Glycolysis

13. The Krebs Cycle The Krebs Cycle is also called the citric acid cycle
Happens in the matrix (the space inside the inner membrane of the mitochondria
Uses pyruvic acid to produce a lot of atp
A Secondary product is Nadph

14. The Krebs Cycle

15. Electron transport The final stage of cellular respiration
Happens in the inner membrane of the mitochondria
Similar to the electron Transport in Photosynthesis

16. Think about the Respiration Equation…
What things are needed for respiration?
Glucose
Oxygen
Because respiration uses oxygen, it is said to be Aerobic Respiration

17. Fermentation
When oxygen is not present, glycolysis is followed by a different path (not the Krebs Cycle)
This is called fermentation
Because fermentation does not use oxygen, it is called anaerobic respiration

18. Alcoholic Fermentation
Yeasts and other microorganisms
Pyruvic acid + NADH  alcohol + Co2 + NAD+
Causes bread dough to rise and drinking alcohol

19. Lactic acid fermentation
In many cells, the pyruvic acid from glycolysis accumulates and can be turned into lactic acid
Pyruvic Acid + NADH  Lactic Acid + NAD+
Produced in the muscles during rapid exercise when the body cannot supply oxygen to the cells
Unicellular organisms produce lactic acid as a waste product during fermentation

20. Glucose
Glycolysis
Pyruvic Acid
Aerobic Respiration
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Alcoholic Fermentation
ATP
Lactic Acid
Alcohol