1. British North America 1763 to 1850
Unit 2

2. Lesson 1
Canada (British North America) from 1763 to 1775

3. Where did we Leave Off?

4. Some Terminology Canada means the same thing as Quebec
Canadien means Canadian
13 Colonies mean America
First Nations can apply to NUMEROUS tribes across the land

5. North America Prior to 1763

6. Result of 7 Years War The British took control of New France (Canada)
Along with Other territories:
Nova Scotia
PEI
Newfoundland
The French government is GONE from North America
Most of North America was under British control. ALL of Canada and America

7. 1763

8. Who is Left? British Citizens in 13 Colonies (Americans)
French Citizens in British Controlled Quebec (Canada)
Spanish (not important to Canada)
Native Americans in the Frontier (Ohio)

9. British Control:
Quebec
Rupert’s Land
NFLD
Nova Scotia
13 Colonies

10. The BIG Questions
1. Where and why did colonists settle in British North America after the fall of New France?
2. How did key people and events shape the new British colonies?

11. Quebec and Its people
After New France fell to British control in the 1760s, many of the French pioneers who were in the area were afraid of what would become of their culture and ways of life.
The Quebec Act (1774) protected many of their ways, so it was possible for a French colony to survive in the area that was renamed as Quebec.
However, something happened first!

12. There were many different groups within Quebec, and each group wanted something different from the British government. 1763
Group
Population
What they wanted
Canadiens
70 000
To keep their French and Roman Catholic lifestyle
To continue having coureurs des bois to push fur trade into the interior
English merchants and farmers
To take over the entire fur trade
change way of life in Quebec from French to English
settle in the interior by getting free land there
set up farms there
First Nations
59 000
Keep traditional way of life and involvement in fur trade
Prevent more settlers moving into interior
13 American colonies
Expand into Quebec and the Ohio Valley
Expand control of the fur trade

13. Some British
Citizens from
The 13 Colonies
Moved into Canada
However, it was
Still majority
French
Didn’t like the
British

14. The ‘Carrot’ or the ‘Stick’?
The British government could have dealt with these groups in two different ways.
READ: pgs H in textbook
Record notes about :
“Stick Supporters”
“Carrot Supporters”
Use Pgs H to support this slide
- have students read these pages and jot down key names and notes
- answer What do YOU think questions on pg H73.

15. Carrot or the Stick

16. How the British dealt with the Groups
The British chose to use the ‘Carrot’, instead of the ‘Stick’. In 1763, King George III of Britain declared a Royal Proclamation.
It related to all of Britain’s colonies in North America.

17. Royal Proclamation affected Quebec because:
Britain now controlled all France’s territories in regions including New France and Acadia
English civil law would replace French law. The seigneurial system was abolished.
The rest of New France would be First Nations territory and all Canadiens living in First Nations territory had to leave
Anyone involved in the fur trade in the First Nations territory had to have a licence from the crown
Catholics NOT allowed to hold public office (French)

18. The Royal Proclamation worked to coax the French at times and push at others.
Some Resistance and Hate towards British
BUT!!!!!!
Do you think this was the best way to make everyone happy?
Why might it be changed?

19. The Thirteen Colonies
The British had 13 colonies that stretched south along the eastern coast, that were filled with many different people with many different ideas. Each of the colonies were quite different from one another because of the resources they had and the type of people that founded them.

20. MAP 13 colonies: Maine New Hampshire Massachusetts Rhode Island
Connecticut
New York
Pennsylvania
New Jersey
Virginia
Delaware
Maryland
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
MAP

21. The northern colonies had large forests and winters were severe
The middle colonies had rich agricultural lands for grains and vegetables
The southern colonies were hot and rich crops, like cotton and rice, grew well there.
There were differences in religion too, from Protestants, Roman Catholics and Pilgrims
MAJORITY Protestant (Anglican: Church of England)

22. Although the colonies had all these differences, there was a growing sense that they were becoming strong and independent from Britain as a United Force.
During the Seven Years’ War, the British began to increase taxes in the colonies
This leads to protests, like the Boston Tea Party

23. The Ohio Valley
This area was key to North American expansion for the 13 colonies, the Canadiens and the First Nations
The Royal Proclamation cut this area off from the Canadiens and Americans

24. The Allegheny Mountains
The British Government said that NO ONE was allowed to move past the mountains
Hired 10,000 soldiers to make sure that no one came through
These soldiers were to stop Americans
They were paid for by taxes TAKEN FROM Americans
Americans in 13 Colonies were NOT HAPPY
They wanted to Expand DESPERATELY

25. The Allegheny Mountains

26. The Quebec Act 1774
Britain needed a better way to control the peoples of Quebec (Canada)
Based on the Experiences and suggestions of:
Governor James Murray
Governor Guy Carlton
Both Governors of Quebec
The British parliament decided to implement the “Quebec Act”

27. The Quebec Act 1774 (Carrot Method)
Replaced the “The Royal Proclamation” of 1763
Gave French Canadians complete religious freedom (Practise Catholic)
Restored French Civil Law to Quebec
Restored French landholding system called “Seigneurial System”
Catholics allowed to hold government jobs
Restored interior lands that America was claiming back into Ohio River Valley

28. Before the Quebec Act

29. After the Quebec Act 1774

30. The Quebec Act (1774)
This replaced the Royal Proclamation, and set out to establish French rights
It was good for the Canadiens, but upset many of the other groups
INSERT CHART

31. Who got the Bum end of the Deal?

32. Who got the Bum end of the Deal?
Americans in the 13 Colonies
Quebec Act Extended boundaries of Quebec to Ohio River on the South and Mississippi River on the West
Colonies such as Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Virginia were claiming these areas
Americans saw it as an insult to their Protestant and Constitutional Liberties
Britain was being “generous” to Quebec, and “stealing” from American Colonies

33. Quebec Act 1774 Reviewed
Was seen as one of the “Intolerable Acts” by the American 13 Colonies
Led to the American Revolution Against the British
For Quebec (Canadians) the establishment of familiar customs and traditions made them less resentful of the British
Overall: Favored Canada, Insulted Americans

34. We end at the Beginning of the American Revolution! 1775
This was AMERICAN, but affected Canada in more ways than you could imagine
We will discuss this later on in History Class!