1. Ch 11 Section 4
Women’s Suffrage

2. The Woman Question
A wide ranging debate about the roles of women in society.—Dress, work and voting?

3. Critics Against Women Voting
1. Viewed it as unnecessary.
2. A threat to American society and government.
3. Voting would make women too masculine.

4. Critics Against Women Voting
4. Women would be easily manipulated by politicians.
5. Voting would distract them from duties at home.
6. Women don’t really want to vote.

5. Women’s Movement 1848 ~ Seneca Falls Convention
1st meeting on women’s rights.
"WOMAN'S EMANCIPATION." The first American Woman's Rights Convention took place in Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848, organized by Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. It was there that Amelia Jenks Bloomer showed up in her highly individual costume, adding a new word, "bloomers," to the language. Punch cartoon, 1851.

6. Women’s Movement 1868 ~ 14th Amendment Defined citizens as male
Suffrage for Black men
Some women were frustrated because amends. excluded them.

7. Opponents to Suffrage Wealthy, influential women
Had power & thought voting wasn’t feminine.
In this cartoon, caricaturist Ralph Barton depicts an anti-suffragist pushing aside her ballot in favor of playing cards, while her fellow upper-class revelers prefer dancing and socializing to voting. Only one woman has taken the time to cast her ballot. This cartoon appeared in the journal Puck's woman suffrage issue, "under the editorial direction of a committee of the leading suffragists in America." Puck continued to support equal suffrage and satirize its opponents in subsequent issues. The journal ceased publication in 1918, two years before suffrage for women was won.

8. Opponents to Suffrage Alcohol industry
Thought women would vote for prohibition.

9. Opponents to Suffrage Capitalists/businessmen
Thought women would demand better wages and working conditions.

10. Suffrage = the right to vote
Suffragists pushed for State laws and/or a constitutional amendment

11. Early Suffragettes Susan B. Anthony (d. 1906)
Elizabeth Cady Stanton (d.1902)
National Women Suffrage Association
1872 in Rochester, New York, Anthony was arrested for leading a group of women who insisted on voting.
She was fined $100.00

12. Progressive Movement helped suffragists.
Increasing numbers of young, college-educated women were frustrated that they could not vote.

13. Forms of Protests
Civil Disobedience- refusal to obey a law, in a non-violent manner, in order to change it.

14. Two Strategies to Suffrage
1. Constitutional Amendment
2/3rds of Congress must pass
¾ths of the States

15. Two Strategies to Suffrage
2. State by State- Individual states could allow women to vote without a national amendment (remember: Federalism).
Look at the map on pg. 407.
Which was the first state to give women the right to vote?
Why do you think western states were the first to allow women to vote?

16. NAWSA National American Women Suffrage Association
Merged two existing suffrage groups
million members, largest volunteer organization in the country

17. NAWSA Carrie Chapman Catt
NAWSA leader, gets NY to grant women suffrage and reintroduces the federal suffrage amendment.

18. NAWSA
Alice Paul- studied in England and witnessed the actions of British Suffragettes.
She conducts an aggressive, radical campaign which includes hunger strikes, marches and the burnings of Wilson’s speeches.
She breaks from NAWSA and begins the Congressional Union.

19. 19th Amendment Grants women the right to vote.
Congress passes it in 1919 and the states ratify it in 1920.
World War I- Women’s effort on home front helped support suffrage.

20. The End