1. Vitamins & Minerals
Chapter 10: Lesson 2

2. Vitamins, Minerals, Water
Do Not Provide ENERGY, but perform a wide variety of body functions.
They do not have calories
VITAMINS- compounds found in food that help regulate many body functions
MINERALS- elements found in food that are used by the body
Deficiency- General Lack of something.

3. Water Soluble- Dissolve in water and pass easily into the bloodstream during digestion.
The body doesn’t store these vitamins; any unused amounts are removed by the kidneys ( urination)
Fat Soluble- Stored in FAT for later use.

4. Vitamin A- Fat Soluble Benefits- Keeps eyes and skin healthy
Needed for growth and strong bones
Deficiency- Growth retardation, night blindness, dryness of the eye, DEATH

5. Vitamin B1- Water-soluble
Produces energy from carbs and helps the nervous system.
Deficiency- Poor memory and confusion, BeriBeri- lethargic and fatigue

6. Vitamin B2- Water Soluble
Prevents and treats migraine headaches, cataracts, arthritis. Also helps to maintain a proper metabolism.
Deficiency- Skin cracking in corners of mouth, bloodshot eyes, sensitivity to light and lesions of the skin.
Food- Milk, meat, whole grains, pasta

7. Vitamin B6- Water Soluble
Protein metabolism
Deficiency- nerve damage, convulsions, and anemia-condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells.
Foods- Bananas, peas, whole grains, fish

8. Folate- Water-Soluble
FOLIC ACID ( B Vitamin) - Needed for forming cells and helps prevent birth defects.
Deficiency- Diarrhea, weight loss, anemia, birth defects of the spinal cord.
Foods- Liver, orange juice, green vegetables.
Recommendation: 400 to 800 mcg or micrograms of folic acid every day

9. When a woman has enough folic acid in her body before and during pregnancy, it can prevent major birth defects, including:
Spina bifida- when an unborn baby’s spinal column does not close to protect the spinal cord. As a result, the nerves that control leg movements and other functions do not work.
Anencephaly -when most or all of the brain does not develop. Babies with this problem die before or shortly after birth.

10. Vitamin C: Water-Soluble
Promotes healthy gums and teeth. Helps the healing of wounds and acts as an antioxidant.
Deficiency- Scurvy- gum bleeding.

11. Vitamin D- Fat-Soluble
Absorption of Calcium and phosphorus in the intestine. Needed for strong bones and teeth.
Deficiency- Rickets- Skeletal deformities in children. Bone loss in adults.

12. Protects cell membranes. Deficiency- Anemia, loss of reflexes
Vitamin E- FatSoluble
Protects cell membranes.
Deficiency- Anemia, loss of reflexes
Food- Vegetable oils, nuts, dark green

13. Deficiency- Alzheimer’s disease and hemorrhages.
Vitamin K-FatSoluble
Aids in Blood Clotting
Deficiency- Alzheimer’s disease and hemorrhages.
Foods- Spinach and Broccoli.

14. Minerals
Calcium- Forms bones and teeth, aids blood clotting. Reduces the risk of osteoporosis.
Phosphorus- Maintains healthy bones.
Magnesium- Maintains muscle and nerve functions, along with a regular heartbeat. Aids in Bone growth.
Iron- aids in energy use. Helps with red blood cells.

15. Ch. 10 Lesson Assessments Lesson 1-Page 257: 1, 3, 4, 5,6
Know what you are referring to.
Chapter Assessment: Answers Only Questions 1-35