1. Introduction to Computing
Lecture-07-Software
Muhammad Hafeez
Department of Computer Science
GC University Lahore

2. Today’s Agenda
Software
Types of Software

3. Software
A set of computer programs and procedures and associated documents.
Software Package: A group of programs that solves a specific problem e.g. Word Processing Software, Spread Sheet Software

4. Types of Software
System Software
Application Software

5. System Software
A set of one or more programs that controls the operations of a computer or extend the capability of computer.
Support development of other application programs
Support Execution of other application programs
Monitor effective use of hardware resource CPU, memory and peripheral devices for application programs
Communicate with peripheral devices

6. Types of System Software
Operating System
Language Translating Software
Network Software
Utility Programs

7. Application Programs
A set of one or programs which solves a specific problem e.g. word processing, payroll processing system
Common application program softwares
Word processing
Spreadsheet
Database
Graphics/ Multimedia
Personal assistance
Education
Entertainment

8. Firmware
A sequence of instructions called microcode, that is used as substitution for hardware when cost is more important than performance.
For example, when multiplication is desired by addition circuit, the designer of system write microcode in computer ROM to perform multiplication by repeated use of addition circuit.

9. Middleware
In distributed computing a middle layer than acts as ‘glue’ between client machines and server machine for better handling of resources.
Middleware supports heterogeneous devices connection to same server

10. Logical System Architecture

11. Availability of Software
Retail Software: A mass-produced, copyrighted software that meets the needs of wide variety of users such as operating system
Custom Software: Tailored made software that performs functions specific to an organization

12. Availability of Software
Web App: Accessed from web server through browser.
Mobile Apps: Accessed on mobile phone
Mobile Web App: A web app accessed on mobile

13. Availability of Software
Shareware: A copyrighted software distributed free or for a trial period. After the trial period ends the customer has to pay the developer of the software. Sometimes a scaled down version is available as free and customer has to pay for fully functional software.
Freeware: A copyrighted software distributed for free. The customer cannot redistribute freeware as the original developer holds copyright.

14. Availability of Software
Open Source Software: A software provided with source code for use, modification and redistribution. It does not have any copyright restrictions. GPL (General Public License) for GNU a special licensing system for OSS that keep track of changes in software.
Public Domain Software: A software donated by research/ academic community without copyright restrictions for use, modification and redistribution for free.

15. Acquiring Software Pre-Written Software: Customized Software:
Less cost
Productivity enhancement immediately
Sometimes do not meet specific needs of users
Customized Software:
Outsource
In-House Development
In outsource if the vendor provides hardware/ software its called end-to-end solution.
In-house development team is expensive, outsourcing maintenance increase dependability on vendor.

16. Questions
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