1. ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS?: Nationalism & Sectionalism after the War of 1812

2. Results of the War of 1812 Draw militarily
Small war and insignificant in military terms.
Important consequences for the U.S.:
Winners: War Hawks; Republicans, Andrew Jackson
Losers: Indians, Federalists
New spirit of nationalism
Paranoia about Britain died away (“Second War for Independence”)
Rush-Bagot Agreement & Convention of 1818
No U.S. involvement with Europe for 100 years.
America looks inward

3. Guiding Question
Historians have traditionally labeled the period after the War of 1812 ( ) the “Era of Good Feelings.” How accurate was this label, considering the emergence of nationalism and sectionalism during the period?

4. Presidential Election of 1816
Description: Map of the Presidential Election of 1816.Credit: Department of the Interior

5. Politics: “ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS”
James Monroe - President ( )
Federarlist Party is no more.
Victories in the War of 1812
Westward expansion and optimism about the future.
Pojer;
President James Monroe

6. A National Culture Emerges
Nationalism : Rising sense of Pride in the U.S.
American Authors: James Fenimore Cooper- “Last of the Mohicans”
Washington Irving- “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”

7. 1820 Presidential Election
Pojer

8. ECONOMIC & DEMOGRAPHIC EXPANSION
Great Migration Westward
Old Northwest
Old Southwest
Settlement: Faragher, Out of Many, 3rd Ed.;
Slavery: Divine, America Past & Present
Spread of Settlement: Westward Surge, 1800–1820
Concentration of Slavery, 1820

9. ECONOMIC & DEMOGRAPHIC EXPANSION
“internal improvements”
Henry Clay – “American System”
Tariff of 1816 – 1st protective Tariff %
Second Bank of the U. S.- Much like the 1st Bank but 3 and a half times bigger.
Internal Improvements paid for by the Fed.Government.
Lancaster Turnpike (1793)
Erie Canal (1817)
National Road: 1st National Road
To Connect East to West (1811)
Roads: Faragher, Out of Many, 3rd Ed.;
SECTIONAL IMPLICATIONS?
WEST  got roads, canals, and federal aid
EAST  protective tariffs (w/ support from the West)
SOUTH  ??
Major Migration Routes, 1800–1820

10. ECONOMIC & DEMOGRAPHIC EXPANSION
Panic of 1819
boom & bust cycles
About every 20 yrs. in 19th C.
Causes of the Panic
Deflation – falling crop prices
Esp. cotton: British demand drops - find cheaper sources
Competition from Europe increases - end of Napoleanic Wars
Overspeculation on land – easy credit from banks
Western farmers unable to pay loans
Trade deficit – drained U.S. of specie
Bank of the U.S. tightens credit
Tougher loan requirements, requires specie from state banks
Who/What is blamed?

11. MISSOURI Missouri statehood controversy (1819)
Missouri petitions for statehood as a slave state.
Up to this point there are 11 free and 11 slave states.
Missouri Compromise (1820)
Maine becomes a free state, Missouri a slave state.
36’30” line set up in West to determine Slavery for future states.
Divine, America: Past and Present 7e

12. MISSOURI COMPROMISE REACTIONS
“like a fire-bell in the night the [death] knell of the Union” - Thomas Jefferson
“the title page to a great tragic volume” – J. Adams

13. THE SUPREME COURT & NATIONALISM
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
judicial review
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Overturns Maryland’s attempt to destroy Bank of US
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) New York tries to regulate river traffic “Steamboat Case”
Congress alone has the right to regulate interstate commerce.
Old Supreme Court Chamber

14. NATIONALISM IN FOREIGN AFFAIRS
Florida (1819)
Henretta, America’s History 5e from

15. NATIONALISM IN FOREIGN AFFAIRS
Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819 ( Transcontinental Treaty)
Spain Cedes Florida to the US as well as claims to Oregon.
US abandons claims to Texas
Faragher, Out of Many, 3rd Ed.;

16. North America in 1824
Pojer

17. NATIONALISM IN FOREIGN AFFAIRS
The Monroe Doctrine (1823)
The US to declare the Americas off-limits to Europe.
A continuation of the neutrality and isolationist policies established by Washington.
US will protect the Americas---new countries which formed in Central and South America
No European Colonization in the Americas
US will recognize existing European Colonies
US will not meddle in European affairs
Pojer
Monroe Doctrine

18. END OF THE “ERA” Election of 1824 - Era Breaks Down
electoral changes - elections based much more on popular support
“Corrupt Bargain” (according to whom???)  
Faragher, Out of Many, 3rd Ed.;

19. Election of 1824: A “Corrupt Bargain”?

20. John Quincy Adams President, 1825-1829 John Quincy Adams
(Library of Congress)

21. The Election of 1828 Andrew Jackson
(Library of Congress)
Faragher, Out of Many, 3rd Ed.;

22. Review of Presidents George Washington (1789-1797) no party Virginia
John Adams ( ) Federalist Mass.
Thomas Jefferson ( ) Republican Virginia
James Madison ( ) Republican Virginia
James Monroe ( ) Republican Virginia
John Quincy Adams ( ) Republican Mass.
Andrew Jackson ( ) Democrat Tenn.