1. I. Intro to Acids & Bases (p.466-473) Definitions Properties Uses
Ch Acids & Bases
I. Intro to Acids & Bases (p )
Definitions
Properties
Uses

2. HCl + H2O  H3O+ + Cl– A. Definitions Acids
Ionize to form hydronium ions (H3O+) in water
HCl + H2O  H3O+ + Cl–

3. NH3 + H2O  NH4+ + OH- A. Definitions Bases
Dissociate or ionize to form hydroxide ions (OH-) in water
NH3 + H2O  NH4+ + OH-

4. A. Definitions Indicator
substance that changes color in an acid or base
Examples:
litmus - red/blue
phenolphthalein - colorless/pink
goldenrod - yellow/red
red cabbage juice - pink/green

5. B. Properties ACIDS BASES sour taste corrosive electrolytes
turn litmus red
react with metals to form H2 gas
bitter taste
corrosive
electrolytes
turn litmus blue
slippery feel

6. C. Uses ACIDS H3PO4 - soft drinks, fertilizer, detergents
H2SO4 - fertilizer, car batteries
HCl - gastric juice
HC2H3O2 - vinegar

7. C. Uses BASES NaOH - lye, drain and oven cleaner
Mg(OH)2 - laxative, antacid
NH3 - cleaners, fertilizer

8. D. pH Scale 14 7 pH INCREASING ACIDITY BASICITY NEUTRAL
a measure of the concentration of H3O+ ions in solution
measured with a pH meter or an indicator with a wide color range 7
INCREASING
ACIDITY
NEUTRAL
BASICITY 14

9. pH of Common Substances
D. pH Scale
pH of Common Substances

10. E. Neutralization Reaction
Chemical reaction between an acid and a base.
Products are a salt (ionic compound) and water.

11. E. Neutralization Reaction
ACID + BASE  SALT + WATER
HCl + NaOH  NaCl + H2O =
Neutralization does not always mean pH = 7.