1. Introduction to Computing
Lecture # 1
Instructor: Naveedullah Safi

2. Introduction Computing: The study or use of Computers
This course will cover several major fields of computing
Synonym: Computer Science

3. Outline What is computer? Purpose of Computer Computer fundamental
Hardware
Software

4. What is Computer?
Computer is an electronic machine used to solve different problems according to a set of instruction given to it. A computer can accept data, process data into useful information and store it for later use. Or
Computer is an electronic device which takes some input from the user, process it, produce output and store it for future use.

5. What’s so special about computer?
What makes computer different from other machines is that:
By changing the program (instructions), the same computer can be used to perform different function
Computer
runs program!

6. Purpose of computer
The purpose of computer is to process data into information
Data
The collection of raw facts and figure
Information
Process form of data or Data that has been summarized
Teaching tip
A good exercise to relate the importance of making data meaningful is to list some random numbers on the board. Then ask what they mean. Without a title, the numbers have no meaning. Once a title is presented, the numbers make sense.

7. Computer Fundamentals*
07/16/96
Computer Fundamentals
A computer is a device that performs the information-processing cycle.
The information-processing cycle consists of four basic operations: input, processing, output, and storage. *

8. What Is a Computer and What Does It Do?

9. The Information Processing Cycle In Action
Input – You enter text in a word processing program.
You run the program’s spell checker program.
Processing – The computer checks and compares all words entered with a list of correctly spelled words.
Output – The computer provides a list of apparent misspellings.
You correct the spelling in your document.
Storage – You save the revised document to a disk.
Compoters
A computer is a machine that perfirms four basic operations: input, processing, output, and storage. Together, these four operations are called the information proceesing cycle.

10. Hardware Hardware: The physical parts of a computer Internal hardware
Located inside the main box (system unit) of the computer
External hardware
Located outside the system unit and plug into ports located on the exterior of the system unit

11. Hardware

12. Hardware associated with all five computer operations
Input devices
Used to input data into the computer
Keyboards, mice, scanners, cameras, microphones, joysticks, etc.
Processing devices
Perform calculations and control computer’s operation
Central processing unit (CPU) and memory
Output devices
Present results to the user
Monitors, printers, speakers, projectors, etc.

13. Cont..... Storage devices Communications devices
Used to store data on or access data from storage media
Hard drives, DVD disks and drives, USB flash drives, etc.
Communications devices
Allow users to communicate with others and to electronically access information
Modems, network adapters, etc.

14. Hardware

15. Software
Software: The programs or instructions used to tell the computer hardware what to do
System software: System software is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer's hardware and application programs
Examples : Microsoft Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac OSX, DOS, BIOS Software, Device Driver Software i.e Graphics Driver etc

16. Application Software
Application software: Application software is a program or group of programs designed for end users which Performs specific tasks or applications
Creating letters, budgets, etc.
Managing inventory and customer databases
Editing photographs
Viewing Web pages
Recording / playing CDs
Designing homes
Playing games

17. Application Software