1. U.S. Army Inspector General School 1
Concept and System
U.S. Army Inspector General School 1

2. U.S. Army Inspector General School 2
Point of Contact
Dean of Academics
Room
(703)
DSN
U.S. Army Inspector General School 2

3. Reference: Army Regulation 20-1,
Inspector General Activities and Procedures
Chapters 1, 2, 3, and 4
Enabling Learning Objectives
(ELOs)
Advance Sheets, page 5
ELO
U.S. Army Inspector General School 3

4. Enabling Learning Objectives U.S. Army Inspector General School 4
1. Identify the four functions that IGs perform.
2. Describe the organization of the Army IG system.
3. Describe the legal origins of IG authority.
4. Describe the role of the IG.
5. Describe IG technical channels.
U.S. Army Inspector General School 4

5. Enabling Learning Objectives (continued)
6. Describe the IG’s sphere of activity.
7. Describe the categories of IGs and the responsibilities inherent in each category.
8. Describe the duty restrictions and special considerations of Administrative Support Personnel.
9. Describe the duty restrictions of IGs.
10. Describe the IG oath.
U.S. Army Inspector General School 5

6. Foundational Precepts
Historical constants developed over 240+ years of Army IG history
1. The IG-Commander Relationship
- Developed at Valley Forge in 1778 by General Washington and Baron von Steuben
- Holds true today and remains inviolable
2. The von Steuben Model
- Readiness and warfighting
capability
- Serves as both a guiding
philosophy and a paradigm for
the Army IG system
U.S. Army Inspector General School 6

7. The U.S. Army Inspector General: A History of Negative Perceptions
“The one who goes in after the battle and bayonets the wounded.”
- Anonymous
CAN YOU BELIEVE PEOPLE THINK OF US THIS
WAY?
U.S. Army Inspector General School 7

8. The U.S. Army IG System History of a Compliance-Based System
World War One ( ): Selective Service Act of 1917 (draft).
General Pershing wanted a system of pre-combat inspections for each U.S. division before it went into the line.
MG Brewster, Pershing's IG, established a compliance-based inspection program to help commanders improve readiness.
World War Two ( ): Continued with the draft.
Brewster's inspection program morphed into the Army's Annual General Inspection (AGI).
Korea and Vietnam ( ): The draft remained in place.
The AGI remained a cultural staple of Army readiness efforts well beyond the All-Volunteer Force of 1973.
But the Army changed after Vietnam. Commanders no longer appreciated or needed the AGI because the draft was gone.
U.S. Army Inspector General School 8

9. LTG Richard G. Trefry November 1977 ~ September 1983
4/6/2019
LTG Richard G. Trefry November 1977 ~ September 1983
Most significant TIG since von Steuben
Recognized the problems of continuing with the old "black hat" AGI in the context of an All-Volunteer Force.
Changed the Army IG inspections paradigm from compliance to systemic to focus IGs on the health of the Army's multitude of systems.
U.S. Army Inspector General School 9

10. Army’s Title 10 Functions
ACOM /
ASCC / DRU
Corps
Division
Brigade
Battalion
Company
Platoon
Squad
Soldier
Army’s Title 10 Functions
Personnel, Administration (G - 1)
Financial Management (G-8)
Civil Affairs Operations (G-9)
Military Justice, Legal Services (JAG)
Information Operations (G-6)
Logistics, Services (G 4)
Intelligence, Security (G 2)
Operations, Plans, Training (G-3/5/7
Readiness, Mobilization (G 3)
Unit Ministry (Chaplain)
Medical Care (Surgeon)
Resource Management
Command Information, Public Affairs
Installation Support and Infrastructure
HQDA
Field Operating
Agencies
Army Staff
Secretariat
Recruiting
Servicing
Supplying
Training
Equipping
Organizing
Mobilizing / Demobilizing
Administrating
Constructing,
Outfitting, Repairing
Organizational Levels
All systems structured in line with DOTMLPF-P: Doctrine–Organization–Training–
Materiel–Leadership and Education–Personnel–Facilities-Policy
Fully Mission
Capable
Soldiers and Units
FM 6-0
Army Core Enterprise Concept:
Human Capital, Materiel, Readiness, Services, and Infrastructure
U.S. Army Inspector General School 10

11. The U.S. Army IG System Today
ELO 1
The U.S. Army IG System
Today
Comprises four basic Inspector General functions:
Inspections
Assistance
Investigations
Teaching and Training
Inspectors General execute this system through two basic processes:
The Inspections Process
The Inspector General Action Process (IGAP)
Army Regulation 20-1, paragraph 1-6
U.S. Army Inspector General School 11

12. IG Functions
IGs base their fact-finding activities on current standards such as laws, DoD Directives, Army Regulations, policies, and so on.
IGs serve their Commanders and their organizations by performing the four IG functions, specifically to enhance the command’s readiness and warfighting capability.
Army Regulation 20-1, paragraph 1-6
U.S. Army Inspector General School 12

13. U.S. Army Inspector General School 13
IG Functions
ELO 1
Confidentiality
IG Records
Inspections
Teaching
and
Training
Assistance
Investigations
U.S. Army Inspector General School 13

14. Confidentiality Army Regulation 20-1, paragraph 1-12
Key tenet of IG operations
Complainants expect confidentiality
Confidentiality = safeguarding identities and the nature of the complaint or information provided
Intent =
Protect privacy
Maintain confidence in the IG system
Minimize the risk of reprisal
An IG’s duty is to PROTECT confidentiality . . .
But IGs never guarantee confidentiality!
U.S. Army Inspector General School 14

15. U.S. Army Inspector General School 15
IG Records
Specific rules set forth in Chapter 3 of AR 20-1 protect and govern IG Records.
All IG Records belong to the Secretary of the Army.
The designated release authority for all IG Records is The Inspector General.
Most information gathered by an IG performing any IG function becomes an IG Record.
IG Records are redacted for all attribution before release for official use.
U.S. Army Inspector General School 15

16. Organization of the Army IG System
ELO 2
Organization of the Army IG System
Each general officer in a command position has a Command IG (or State IG) and an IG staff section.
The Army IG system is decentralized -- Command IGs work for their general-officer commanders, and TIG provides oversight.
IGs are in the Active Army, the Army Reserve, and the Army National Guard.
IGs are normally found in:
Divisions, Corps, and some Brigades
States (Army National Guard)
Headquarters, Department of the Army (HQDA)
Army Commands (ACOMs), Army Service Component Commands (ASCCs), and Direct-Reporting Units (DRUs)
Wartime General Officer Major Subordinate Commands (MSCs)
Installations
The Division IG
staff section is the
foundation
of the Army IG system
Army Regulation 20-1,
paragraph 1-6g
U.S. Army Inspector General School 16

17. The Federal IG System Significantly Different from the Army IG System
1978 IG Act
Established IGs at Federal agencies (except Department of Defense, or DoD)
Detect and prevent fraud, waste, abuse, and mismanagement
Mostly auditors and criminal investigators
Report to the agency head and Congress
1983 DoD Authorization Act (amended the 1978 IG Act)
Created IG, DoD
Nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate
U.S. Army Inspector General School 17

18. Inspector General Mission Title 10, U.S. Code, Section 3020
ELO 3
Inspector General Mission Title 10, U.S. Code, Section 3020
Periodically propose programs of inspection to the Secretary of the Army and shall recommend additional inspections and investigations as may appear appropriate.
Cooperate fully with the IG, DoD, in connection with the performance of any duty or function of the IG, DoD.
Army Regulation 20-1, paragraph 1-5
U.S. Army Inspector General School 18

19. U.S. Army Inspector General School 19
Inspector General Mission Title 10, U.S. Code, Section 3020 (continued)
Inquire into and report upon the discipline, efficiency, and economy of the Army.
Perform other duties prescribed by the Secretary or the Chief of Staff of the Army.
U.S. Army Inspector General School 19

20. Mission Comparison 10 USC 3020 versus AR 20-1
Inquire into and report upon the discipline, efficiency, and economy of the Army.
Inquire into, and periodically report upon, the discipline, efficiency, economy, morale, training, and readiness of the Army to the Secretary of the Army (SA) and the Chief of Staff, Army (CSA).
Army Regulation 20-1, paragraph 1-4a (1)
See paragraph 1-5 for other statutory authorities
U.S. Army Inspector General School 20

21. U.S. Army Inspector General School 21
IG Certification Army Regulation 20-1, paragraphs1-4 a (11) (d), 2-4, and 4-2 b (1); Appendix B
Military IGs:
Nomination (packet generated locally or by Human Resource Command)
Selection, or nomination approval
Training (qualification) at TIGS’s Basic Course
Civilian IGs:
Selection and hiring by the local Command IG
Top 3 selectees screened against IG database
IGs serve in a position of public trust and must adhere to the standards for exemplary conduct outlined in 10 USC 3583.
All IGs will “Assist commanders in teaching and training leaders on the moral principles of the Army Ethic.” (Army Regulation , Army Leadership, paragraph 2-3 e)
U.S. Army Inspector General School 21

22. DAIG Organization Office Symbol: SAIG
USAIGA
DAIG Organization Office Symbol: SAIG
O T I G
TIG
DTIG
SGM, OTIG XO
Acting DAI
Legal Advisor
Technical Inspections
Director, Integration
Group
Investigations
Intelligence Oversight
Cybersecurity Inspections
Assistance
Operations & Support
TIGS
Records Release
Information Resource
Management
DAIG
Inspection Teams
(Systemic) (x3)
TIG=The Inspector General
DTIG=Deputy The Inspector General
DAI=Director of Army Inspections
Records Screening
U.S. Army Inspector General School 22

23. ELO 4
The Role of the IG
An Inspector General is an extension of the eyes, ears, voice, and conscience of the Commander.
This axiom means that, to be effective, the IG must understand the Commander’s goals, expectations, intent, standards, vision, operating methods, and personality -- and then adapt the IG system and its functions accordingly to meet that Commander’s specific readiness needs.
Army Regulation 20-1, paragraph 1-6f
U.S. Army Inspector General School 23

24. The Role of the IG Extend the Commander
Command IG is a member of the Commander’s Personal Staff
IGs occupy positions of public trust and uphold the moral principles of the Army Ethic: Honorable Servants, Army Experts, and Stewards of the Army Profession (ADRP 1)
IGs perform common staff functions and influence policy development, but we avoid taking direct positions
Special relationship as a fair and impartial fact-finder
High degree of independence
All IGs work for the Commander / Directing Authority
Commander rates and senior-rates the Command IG
But TIG has policy authority, directing authority, and IG records-retention authority
U.S. Army Inspector General School 24

25. The Role of the IG Extend the Commander (continued)
The IG's authority comes from the Commander!
IGs have no directive authority outside the IG System and cannot inspect or investigate without the Commander’s written approval
IGs have access to all needed materials and records per paragraph 1-7a) . . .
. . . except for classified material (if the IG lacks the proper clearance) or as specified in paragraph 7-1h (material related to the lawyer-client relationship, communications with clergy, husband-wife communications, psychotherapist-patient communications, etc.).
U.S. Army Inspector General School 25

26. IG Technical Channels IG Records Relationship among all IGs
ELO 5
Relationship among all IGs
Confidential channel for passing information
Used to request and provide assistance between IGs formally and informally
Multiple communications means
Worldwide IG Network (IGNET)
Worldwide IG Directory
IG Records
Army Regulation 20-1, paragraph 1-6i
Share IG Opinions
and IG Products
U.S. Army Inspector General School 26

27. IG Sphere of Activity Watch Your Lane!
ELO 6
Army Regulation 20-1, paragraph 1-6h
Includes everything for which the Commander is responsible
Determines IG case jurisdiction
Watch Your Lane!
The command is the IG’s constituency!
U.S. Army Inspector General School 27

28. IG Credibility Integrity is essential!
Credibility directly impacts your effectiveness!
IGs are held to a higher standard!
Be right the first time -- every time!
Don’t shoot from the hip!
IGs are always above board but discreet
IGs are never off the record
Moral courage is mandatory
Integrity is essential!
U.S. Army Inspector General School 28

29. Some Little-Known Facts U.S. Army Inspector General School 29
Inspectors General . . .
Always encourage complainants to use the chain of command first
Normally offer allegations to subordinate Commanders for action rather than conduct an IG investigation
Use discretion when passing information to the Commander
Are here to help you
Tell good news stories
Do not wear a ‘black hat’
Do have friends!
U.S. Army Inspector General School 29

30. Categories of IGs Detailed IG (Commissioned Officer / WO) Assistant IG
ELO 7
DA Civilians (GS-12
and above) may
be Detailed IGs with
TIG approval (para 2-2 c)
[TIG authorized
"blanket approval"
with a memorandum
dated 22 January 2014]
(TIG Note 14-13)
Army Regulation 20-1, Table 2-1
IG Functions May Lead / Do
All functions / All functions
All except investigations / All
None / Assists with all functions (but must attend the IG school after 180 days!)
None / Assistance only. Detailed IG must supervise
None / None! Admin only!
Category
Detailed IG
(Commissioned Officer / WO)
Assistant IG
(NCO / DAC)
Temporary Asst IG
(Subject-matter expert)
Acting IG
(Commissioned Officer / DAC)
Admin Support personnel
ELO 8
TIG may designate TIGS-trained
Admin Support personnel to
serve temporarily as
Assistant IGs (para 2-2 g (2))
U.S. Army Inspector General School 30

31. IG Duty Restrictions Bottom line: Avoid conflicts of interest or
ELO 9
Army Regulation 20-1, paragraph 2-7
Detailed, Assistant, Temporary Assistant , or Acting IGs will NOT:
Be assigned to any non-IG assistance, evaluation, or investigations functions
Be assigned duties that may disqualify them from conducting impartial inquiries / investigations
Serve on administrative separation boards, promotion boards, contracting awards boards, etc.
Sitting on courts-martial panels is allowed
Bottom line: Avoid conflicts of interest or
compromising your impartial status!
U.S. Army Inspector General School 31

32. ELO 10
The IG Oath
Army Regulation 20-1, paragraph 2-6
Established in 1981 to strengthen
the bond between the Commander
and the IG
Emphasizes special trust and
responsibility
Normally administered by the
Commander
Taken by all categories of IGs and everyone working in the IG office
Documented with a certificate
“… uphold the standards … without prejudice or partiality …”
U.S. Army Inspector General School 32

33. U.S. Army Inspector General School 33
Summary
1. Identify the four functions that IGs perform
2. Describe the organization of the Army IG system.
3. Describe the legal origins of IG authority.
4. Describe the role of the IG.
5. Describe IG technical channels.
U.S. Army Inspector General School 33

34. U.S. Army Inspector General School 34
Summary (continued)
6. Describe the IG’s sphere of activity.
7. Describe the categories of IGs and the responsibilities inherent in each category.
8. Describe the duty restrictions and special considerations of Administrative Support Personnel.
9. Describe the duty restrictions of IGs.
10. Describe the IG oath.
U.S. Army Inspector General School 34

35. U.S. Army Inspector General School 35
IG Concept
and
System Overview
QUESTIONS?
U.S. Army Inspector General School 35

36. Time to meet your Faculty Advisor!
Seminars:
A = Table Groups 1 and 2
B = Table Groups 3 and 4
C = Table Groups 5 and 6
D = Table Groups 7 and 8
You will need to bring the following items:
1. The IG Reference Guide
2. Advance Sheets booklet
3. The Student Handbook
4. Writing Assessment booklet
5. Class Schedule
6. Pen or Pencil
U.S. Army Inspector General School 36