1. 12.1 DNA and RNA

2. Basic DNA Information What does DNA stand for? Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Where is DNA found?
In the nucleus of our cells
What does DNA do for us?
Stores and transmits genetic info
Where does our DNA come from?
Half from our mom and half from our dad

3. Rosalind Franklin X Ray diffraction
Shaped is twisted
Contain two strands

4. Watson and Crick Model

5. Structure of DNA Nucleotide Hydrogen bonds Sugar-phosphate backbone
Section 12-1
Nucleotide
Hydrogen bonds
Sugar-phosphate backbone
Key
Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)

6. DNA Nucleotides Purines Pyrimidines Section 12-1 Phosphate group
Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
Phosphate group
Deoxyribose

7. Chargaff’s Rule – Base Pairing Rule
Source of DNA A T G C
Streptococcus
Yeast
Herring
Human
% of A ≈ % of T
% of G ≈ % of C

8. Chromosome Structure of Eukaryotes
Section 12-2
Human cells contain over one meter of DNA! How?
Human DNA has about 3 billion base pairs
Nucleosome
Chromosome
DNA
double
helix
Coils
Supercoils
Histones
Wrapped around proteins (histones and nucleosomes)

9. DNA Replication Section 12-2 Original strand DNA polymerase New strand
Growth
DNA polymerase
Growth
Replication fork
Replication fork
Nitrogenous bases
New strand
Original strand

11. DNA replication

12. How DNA is packaged

13. Chromosome Structure of Eukaryotes
Section 12-2
Human cells contain over one meter and around 3 billion base pairs long of DNA! How?
Nucleosome
Chromosome
DNA
double
helix
Coils
Supercoils
Histones
Wrapped around proteins (histones and nucleosomes)