1. Scientific measurement
Scientific notation, sig figs, metric system

2. Measurements
Quantity containing both numbers and a unit

3. Scientific Notation A coefficient and 10 raised to a power
Always written with number in ones place
602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 = 6.02 x 1023
1,536 = x 103
= x 10-4

4. Practice Write the following in scientific notation:
89,000,000
4,251,000,000
Write the following in decimal form:
2.35 x 10-9
4.771 x 105
2.00 x 103

5. Accuracy vs. precision How close to actual value
How close a series of measurements are to one another

6. Illustration
Draw an example for precision and accuracy

7. Used to determine accuracy
Error = experimental value – actual value % error = (absolute value of error)/(actual value) x 100
Used to determine accuracy

8. Significant figures
All of the digits that are known, plus a last digit that is estimated
Rules for adding/subtracting
Rules for multiplying/dividing
Rounding
A calculated answer cannot be more precise than the least precise measurement from which it was calculated.
When taking a measurement, you can estimate to 1/10 of the smallest division.

9. International system of units (SI)
Metric system
Meter, kilogram, kelvin, second and mole
Temperature: measure of how hot or cold an object is.
Dependent of direction of heat transfer
Kelvin or degree Celsius
Kelvin: K is freezing, K is boiling (water)
Celsius: 0 is freezing and 100 is boiling (water)
Absolute zero is 0K or degrees Celsius

10. Vocabulary Energy: ability to do work or produce heat
Joule or calorie
Density= mass/volume
Dependent on composition of matter, not size of sample
Dimensional analysis: way to analyze and solve problems using units, or dimension, of the measurement
Conversion factor: ratio of equivalent measurements

11. Examples
What are common conversion factors that you use?