1. Chapter 5
Vocabulary

2. An alternate form that a gene may have for a single trait.
Allele

3. The outward appearance of a trait
Phenotype

4. Offspring that was given different genetic information for a trait from each parent.
HYBRID

7. A trait that covers or dominates another form of that trait.
DOMINANT

9. Incomplete Dominance
Production of a phenotype that is an intermediate between two homozygous parents.

10. Genetic Engineering
Changing the arrangement of a gene’s DNA to improve crop production, produce large volumes of medicine, and change how cells perform their normal functions.

11. Genetics
The study of how traits are inherited through the actions of alleles.

12. GENOTYPE
The actual genetic make-up of an organism.

13. POLYGENIC INHERITANCE
A group of gene pairs act together to determine a trait (human eye color, skin color, height)

14. HEREDITY
The passing of traits from parent to offspring.

15. Punnett Square
A tool used to predict the probability of certain outcomes in the offspring; shows the different ways alleles may combine.

16. HETEROZYGOUS
Having two different alleles for a trait.

17. HOMOZYGOUS
Having two of the same alleles for a trait.

18. RECESSIVE
A trait that is covered or dominated by another form of that trait; seems to disappear.

19. SEX-LINKED GENE
An allele inherited on a sex chromosome (x or y); can cause genetic disorders such as color blindness and hemophilia.

20. GENE
Section of DNA on a chromosome that contains instructions for making specific proteins.

21. DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID
Genetic information of all organisms.

22. MEIOSIS
Cell division that produces four haploid sex cells