1. FDR &
The New Deal

2. Essential Question:
How did the New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American people and economy?

3. Herbert Hoover Elected 1928 Noted Humanitarian
WWI Food Relief to war torn Europe
Depression Policy>From Top Down
Reconstruction Finance Company
(loans to banks, insurance companies, and railroads)
Bonus Army fiasco

4. FDR’s Background From Prosperity 5th Cousin to T.R. Polio Victim
Eleanor was Teddy’s Niece
Polio Victim

5. FDR inspired American public
bulldog determination to succeed
the Brain Trust
instill hope and courage in the people - "We have nothing to fear but fear itself"
pragmatist rather than ideologue

6. Fireside Chats

7. Hundred Days 4 day bank holiday--Emergency Banking Relief Act
June, FDIC, guaranteed deposits up to $5,000
Federal Securities Act--SEC regulate the stock market
abandoned gold standard
21st Amendment, ending prohibition
Farm Credit Administration & Home Owner's Loan Act-- low-interest rates on refinancing mortgages

8. TVA--bring electricity to poorest region of nation
CCC created jobs for young men aged 18-25
Federal Emergency Relief Administration--Harry Hopkins--$500 million
state construction projects
adult literacy programs
college aid for poor students
day-care centers for low-income families
TVA--bring electricity to poorest region of nation

9. National Industrial Recovery Act (June 1933)
AAA (May 1933)
National Industrial Recovery Act (June 1933)
immunity from antitrust
regulate labor conditions--right to organize National Recovery Administration (NRA)
set production limits, wages, and working conditions
forbade price cutting & unfair competitive practices
publicity program buy only from “Blue Eagle”

10. PWA--$3.3 billion public-works program, Harold Ickles
35,000 projects
Reconstruction Finance Company (Hoover) continued loans to banks, insurance companies, and railroads

11. Legislation after the Hundred Days
Civil Works Administration --$1 billion on short-term projects

12. Problems for the New Deal
Southern Tenant Farmers
braintrust split between concentrating on all agricultural versus helping rural poor
New Deal didn’t end depression, but most people support FDR's programs

13. FDR challenged by conservatives & radicals
Father Charles Coughlin—Catholic radio program
new system based on "social justice"
nation's problems were caused by bankers
anti-Semitism
censured by Catholic church

14. Huey Long ("Kingfish") Governor then Senator of Louisiana
Share Our Wealth program
liquidate all personal fortunes above certain amount
give every family enough money to buy home, automobile & radio
elderly would receive pensions
assassinated in 1935

15. Biggest challenge to New Deal comes from Supreme Court
1935--AAA & NIRA ruled unconstitutional

16. FDR wins reelection in 1936 > Second New Deal
focuses on needs of urban and rural poor and workers
expand federal relief efforts to American workers
deficit spending -- John Maynard Keynes economic policy
deficit spending will pump money into economy & combat depression

17. WPA - Harry Hopkins - 11 billion to put people to work
8 million people in 34,000 construction projects
murals, photographs, Slave narratives
National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act)
requires employers to bargain with unions
National Labor Relations Board
Resettlement Administration--farmers, tenants, sharecroppers
Rural Electrification Administration
replaced by the Farm Security Administration

18. Revenue Act--Raised tax rates on incomes over $50,000
Social Security Act
old-age pensions
survivors' benefits for families of deceased workers
unemployment insurance
Revenue Act--Raised tax rates on incomes over $50,000
established federal tax on corporations
Fair Labor Standards Act
Set minimum wage and maximum work-week
prohibited child labor under age of 16

19. Court-packing
1937, FDR tried to stop Supreme Court striking down New Deal
Proposes court-reform bill
Allowed president to appoint a new justices to sit with any justice over 70 who would not retire
Killed by Congress, but
Court stops striking down New Deal
Hurt FDR’s public image

20. Recession of 1937, caused by… FDR and Congress
reduced consumer spending due to social security deductions
cutbacks in New Deal work and relief programs to balance budget
FDR and Congress
revived and expand the PWA, WPA, etc.
and other work programs
revival of economy begins and unemployment declines

21. Eleanor Roosevelt
Changed role of 1st Lady

22. Effectiveness of New Deal
3 R’s
Relief
Recovery
Reform
Giving direct aid to reduce the suffering of the poor and unemployed.
Recovery of the economy by helping businesses grow again.
Permanent programs to prevent another depression or other economic crisis.

23. Effectiveness of New Deal
3 R’s
Relief
Recovery
Reform .