1. Hominid Evolution EQ: How do bipedalism, opposable thumbs, and skull size support Hominid evolution?

3. Primates
Mammals with flexible hands and feet, forward-looking eyes, and enlarged brains relative to body size

4. Primates include…
Apes
Monkeys
Hominids

5. Hominids
Primates that walk upright, have long lower limbs, opposable thumbs, and large brains
Includes: HUMANS in the Hominid Family

6. Misconceptions: Why is the statement, “we come from monkeys” incorrect?

7. Hominid Evolution
There have been at least a dozen different species of hominids over the last five million years or so – with evidence to prove it!
Homo sapiens fossils date to 200,000 years ago.
Human evolution is influenced by a tool-based culture.

8. Hominid Trends 1. Hominids are bipedal- can walk on two legs
allows for higher reach; free hands for hunting/using tools, and foraging

9. Thumb(less) Challenge
Tuck your thumbs into your palms
You may not use your thumb for this challenge.
When I say, “GO!” try unwrapping your starburst.

10. Opposable Thumbs!
2. Opposable thumb: a thumb that can be placed opposite the fingers of the same hand.
allow the digits to grasp and handle objects/tools
why is an opposable thumb advantageous?

11. Hominid Evolution
Humans have advanced over the last 100,000 years from their ancestral Hominids.
What do you notice about the changes in skulls?
How can these changes be an advantage?
Jaw gets smaller– allows skull to grow larger and allow space for larger brains

12. Hominid Trends 3. Skull shape has changed to accommodate larger brains
Humans have the largest brains of all primates
the skull of a human has a vertical forehead, providing a large brain capacity.
Smaller jaw size allowed for larger brains to develop
When might having an increasingly larger brain size no longer be a selective advantage?
Why would an even larger brain size not be a selective advantage? To large to support, child birth

13. Brain Anatomy Cerebrum includes 4 lobes Cerebellum Brain Stem Medulla
Pons
Medulla
Oblongata

14. There are 4 lobes of the brain2 1 3
Color in the lobes of the brain as the image shows
COLOR YOUR NOTES! 4

15. QKA
Scientists have found evidence that about 2.4 million years ago a gene regulating jaw muscles mutated and may have led to the more graceful human jaw we see today. The diagram below shows the skulls of 3 hominid species. Which statement below most closely explains the link between jaw size and hominid evolution?
A. The jaws of hominids evolved to be smaller and less protruding over time as did the skull.
B. The jaws of hominids evolved to be larger and more protruding over time.
C. There appears to be no change in the jaws of hominids over time.
D. The jaws of hominids changed over time due to a change in brain size

16. QKA
The illustration shows four lobes of the human brain. What lobe is designated by label 3?
A. temporal
B. parietal
C. occipital
D. frontal

17. What did the gorilla call his first wife? His prime-mate

18. Hominid Evolution Lab
Take the measurements and calculate indexes for the human, hominid, and gorilla
C- level 2 voice with your partner
H- ask 3 before me
A- complete Hominid Evolution lab
Questions in notebook
M: remain at your table (may stand while measuring)
P- working with your partner on measuring
Not writing this down

19. EXIT TICKET
Clear your desk of everything except do now and something to write with!

20. Use complete sentences.
Exit Ticket
How do bipedalism, opposable thumbs, and skull size support Hominid evolution?
Use complete sentences.
HOMEWORK: vocab