1. Industrialism & Social Theory
Marx
Ideas, Problems & Solutions
Smith
Malthus
Ricardo
Owen
Bentham

2. 19th c. Industrial Society Develops
GB Textiles + other consumer products + Machines + Global instability + British Navy dominance = GB dominates
Continental Europe grows slowly Belgium, France & German states
Population boom + Urban Migration = Blight
Enclosure = Large landowners benefit
Technology = RR + machines Δ life!

3. 19th c. Changes in Work Expanding workforce, also “working poor”
Wage Labor = Owners own & direct production for maximum profit
Proletarianization = work becomes impersonal & dehumanized
Luddite rebellion in GB
Standardization of products = ↓ cost + consistency of quality
Gender separation + Child Labor + ↓ Family
Men skilled / Women unskilled / domestic

4. 19th c. Marriage
Young women work: Earn $, meet men, less supervision,  illegitimate births
Marriage Roles = Man as Provider & Women as Homemaker (traditional)
Separate gender-based “spheres”
Manage home affairs, side work, raise kids
Reflection on man’s worth and ability as “provider”
If Wife can stay home = ??
If wife HAS to work = ??
Concept of “beauty” = skinny vs plump??

5. 19th c. Social Problems Crime  >> professional police (“cop”)
Desire for ORDER & STABILTY
Prison System: HARSH
Men, women, kids housed together
Horrible conditions, care by outsiders
Hulks = prison ships to “transport” GB to Australia / France to Devil’s Island to penal colony = remove from society
Reform movements: Rehab flaws focus
Auburn, Philadelphia & Pentonville system = cell, silence & reflection

6. What Social Theories Develop in Response to Industrialism’ s Problems?
Industrial Age Economic Social Theories and Isms
Capitalism
Socialism
Utopianism
Utilitarianism
Anarchism
Marxism
Founder(s)
Main Idea
Key Vocab
Who Controls?
Who Benefits?
My Analysis

7. Classical Economics Adam Smith…Wealth of Nations
Capitalism = private property & control of “means of production”
Economic growth via free enterprise
Individualism
The “marketplace” should dictate
Laissez-faire = government “hands off”
Government’s duty?
Sound currency… Low taxes & tariffs
Protect property

8. Market Forces: Supply & Demand

9. Classical Economics Thomas Malthus… Principle of Population
Population ↑ faster than food supply
Famine, war + disease keep population in check
Poor should have less children

10. Classical Economics David Ricardo
Principles of Political Economy
Advocated currency backed by precious metal
Advocated free competition
Labor determines value of product / service
Comparative Advantage: Specialization
Iron Law of Wages
Wages determined by supply-demand of labor
↑↑ wages > more kids > more workers > ↓↓wages
Wages naturally drift to minimum level

11. Government Policy
GB & F & others follow ‘classical’ economic models in early 1800s… a Liberal idea
G states create “Zollverein”
Free trade w/in German speaking area (No Aus)
GB + Jeremy Bentham
Utilitarianism = Greatest good for
greatest number
1833 Slavery abolished – W. Wilburforce
1834 Poor Law
Poverty relief via Workhouses… stigma?
1846 repeal Corn Laws… remove tariffs

12. Reforming Industrial Society
Utopian Socialism
Creating ideal / model community
Henri Saint-Simon (F)
Management by experts, not private individuals
Robert Owen (GB)
Environmental psychology
Provide the best … living + working conditions, education…
New Lanark (GB) & New Harmony (USA)… results?
Charles Fourier (F)
Phalanx community…freedom… change tasks often
Louis Blanc (F)
State controlled economy + working class suffrage

13. Reforming Industrial Society… Radical Ideas
Anarchism…
Auguste Blanqui
Rejection of capitalism & government
Revolution!
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
Anti-banking >> Credit for all
Mutualism... Community over the Individual
Community co-ops

14. Reforming Industrial Society… Radical Ideas
Marxism >> Communism
Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels (G)
Communist Manifesto
Class struggle…
Proletariat vs. Bourgeoisie
Workers Should Control of Means of Production
Revolution of Proletariat >>
Dictatorship of Proletariat >>
Communist Society
No government, no social classes, no “establishment”

15. 1848: A Revolutionary Year
Identify the locations of key revolts aka “Hot Spots” of 1848
Create “Thought Bubble” for each
Bullet point significant info for each area such as leader, goal, vocabulary, documents, outcome
Summarize the causes and effects of the Revolutions of 1848 across Europe

16. Create this Bubble Map 1848 Map Great Britain N. Italy Prussia France
German States
Prussia
Bohemia
Hungary
N. Italy
France
Great Britain

17. Add significant details & Prepare to Write
1848
German States
Prussia
Bohemia
Hungary
N. Italy
France
Great Britain

18. FRQ QUICK
“1848 is considered to be a ‘revolutionary’ year” Evaluate the validity of the above statement. Cite (3) revolutionary occurrences of 1848 as evidence.