1. Economic History The Discipline and My Favourite Topic
Antonie Doležalová, Prague
IAS  2018 Rovaniemi
7th International Arctic Seminar
STEM, Economics, Health Care, and Education
January 31 – February 2, 2018
Lapland University of Applied Sciences, Rovaniemi

2. KUoPIO 1995

3. My Economic History History of Czech Economic Thought
History of Economic Policy (Fiscal policy, Land reform)
Mikuláš Teich and Alice Teichova
Czech Economist J.V.Mládek

4. Economic History
Economic history is the history of facts and of economic events, as they relate to individuals, firms or communities.
History of people
The analysis of their relations and interactions with social, political and cultural events and institutions.
History vs. Economics - Past-oriented vs. Future-oriented - “Short run” vs. “Long run”
Economic history is the history of facts and of economic events, as they relate to individuals, firms or communities in a dynamic process of historical change.

5. Economic History of the Czech Lands I.

6. Economic History of the Czech Lands I1.
Austro-Hungarian Empire
The Commerce and Trades Licensing Acts of 1862 and 1859 (Between April and April 1873, Austria approved 1,005 applications to establish joint- stock companies; a third of them were operating in the Czech Lands)
The national composition of the population
The economic foundation of the Czechs within the Czech lands continued to consist of agriculture, handicrafts, retailing, the sugar-beet and sugar industries, beer and malt production and the distillery industry
Only about 20-30% of the capital value of the industry in the Czech lands was in the hands of Czech entrepreneur

7. WWI, Post Bellum and the Central Europe 1.
The economic face of the new Europe could be characterized by
protectionism and self-sufficiency
state interventionism with nationalization and state sector of economy (mixed economy)
the move of state policies to the social issues justified by danger of bolshevism
stigmatization of wealth
questioning of the private ownership and search for the so-called third way between capitalism and socialism

9. Nationality
Agric.
Manufact. industry
Transport
Trade and banking
Public services
Other branches
Czechs
26.9
39.3
7.0
7.6
5.7
13.7
Slovaks
59.8
19.0
5.1
4.2
3.5
8.4
Ukrainians
82.1
6.2
1.9
0.8
2.1
6.9
Germans
23.0
45.5
4.0
8.9
4.3
14.3
Hungarians
63.8
16.9
2.6
3.8
9.1
Poles
16.2
55.6
6.0
3.1
2.3
16.8
Jews
13.1
22.2
3.6
42.6
6.6
11.9

10. Czechoslovakia
Nostrification
Monetary reform
Land reform

12. Land reform Land reforms were implemented in 23 European countries
It resulted in the transfer of 20 million hectares of land
Latvia (56%, 3.7 mill ha), Estonia (48%, 2.3 mill ha), Czechoslovakia (29%,4,063,644 ha), Romania, Lithuania, Greece, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Finland, Poland, Germany and Bulgaria

13. Results of the LR expropriated 4 068 370 ha
► ha agricultural
► ha non - agricultural
allocated ha
► ha agricultural
returned ha
stayed in expropriation ha

14. Economy
In 1930 the Czech Lands had 72% of the whole population of the country, but 92% of the industrial production.
In 1910 more people in the Czech Lands were earning their living by working in industry than in agriculture; in Slovakia that shift had not been achieved until the late 1950s.
In the interwar period Slovakia remained mostly an agrarian country, with agriculture manifesting a highly extensive character (on 10 hectares output was approximately equivalent to the 4 hectares in the Czech Lands).

15. Great Depression
Czechoslovak exports fell from 21.2 billion ck to 5.9 billion in 1933 (in current prices), and in 1937 the level (12 billion) was still substantially bellow the pre-crisis level.
The crisis also exposed the vulnerability of the structure of both exports and industrial production.
In heavy industry was recovering relatively fast and managed to exceed the level.
In contrast, such typical export-oriented branches as textile, glass and china porcelain industries, the manufacture of toys, musical instruments and imitation jewellery had by not been able to make up for the critical decline during the depression.
This situation resulted in high rates of unemployment in the border regions - regions mainly inhabited by a German-speaking population.