1. Air Pollution

2. Objectives: To describe the composition of the atmosphere.
Explain the causes and effects of the greenhouse effect.
Explain the causes and effects of acid rain.
Describe the cause and effect of the hole in the ozone layer.

3. Vocabulary 1. Greenhouse effect 2. Ultraviolet radiation
3. Carbon dioxide
4. Ozone
5. pH
6. Chlorofluorocarbons
7. Acid rain

4. Our atmosphere consists of:
78% Nitrogen
21% Oxygen
Trace amounts of argon, carbon dioxide, and water vapor

5. How does our air get polluted?
The biggest contributor of sulfur dioxide is electricity production.
The biggest contributor of carbon monoxide is transportation.

6. What are the effects of air pollution?
1. Acid Rain
2. Greenhouse effect
3. Hole in the ozone layer

7. Acid Rain
Rain, snow or fog that is polluted by acid in the atmosphere and damages the environment .
Acid rain has a pH of 5.0 or lower.

8. What Molecules Causes Acid Precipitation?

9. SO2 Sulfur dioxide Generally a by-product of industrial
processes and burning fossil fuels.
SO2

10. Nitrogen oxide
Comes from the combustion of fuels in motor vehicles, residential and commercial furnaces, industrial and electrical utility boilers and engines NO

11. What are the effect of acid rain?
Corrosion of building materials
Stunting fish growth
Increases soil acidity

12. The Ozone Layer
The Earth is wrapped in a blanket of air called the atmosphere.
The ozone layer is in the stratosphere.
The ozone layer protects the earth from ultraviolet radiation.

13. As the amount of ozone increases in the stratosphere, the ability of UV light to enter the earth decreases.
As the amount of ozone decreases in the stratosphere the ability of UV light to enter the earth increases.

14. What causes the ozone hole?
One group of gasses that damages the ozone layer are called CFC’s or chlorofluorocarbons
They are found in:
1. Spray cans
2. Refrigerants
3. Fire extinguishers
4. Plastic foam containers
5. Air conditioners

15. The Greenhouse Effect
1- Sunlight passes through the atmosphere and warms the Earth.
2- Energy from the Sun is absorbed and then radiates back into the atmosphere as heat. Some escapes into space.
3- Some energy is absorbed by greenhouse gasses and radiates back toward the Earth’s surface.

16. Major Greenhouse gasses

17. Is the Level of Carbon Dioxide Increasing?
From 1958 to 2000 carbon dioxide levels increased from 314 parts per million to 368 parts per million.
This was a 17% increase in just 42 years!
This increase may have been from burning fossil fuels.