1. Latin American Revolution & Napoleon

2. First 10

3. Haitian Revolution- causes
Haiti (Saint Domingue), was a French colony in the Caribbean, which was one of the world’s largest producers of sugar cane
Slaves were brought in to work in the cane fields and outnumbered free people 10 to 1
France is occupied in their own revolution

4. Haitian Revolution Toussaint L’Ouverture- former slave
Slaves + Mulattoes
Independence won 1798
Napoleon attempted to restore power over Haiti but failed in 1804

5. Results of the Haitian Revolution
First successful slave rebellion
Haiti first Latin American country to gain independence from a European power
The loss of Haiti convinced Napoleon to abandon interest in North America and led to the sale of the Louisiana Territory to the U.S. in 1803

6. Latin America (1808-1825)- Causes
In 1808, Napoleon conquered Spain, leading to rebellions against Spanish rule in several Latin American countries
No loyalty to the new King
Creoles: educuation, American Rev. & Enlightenment

7. Latin American Revolutions
Simon Bolivar
“The Liberator” – end Spanish domination in South America
– Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia
Joined with Jose de San Martin who defeated the Spanish in Argentina and Chile in 1810s

9. Results of Latin American Revolutions
According to the map, what was the first colony to gain independence? How did this influence other colonies in the Western Hemisphere?
By 1830 many of the Spanish and European colonies had gained independence

11. Napoleon Prominent lieutenant in French Army- military genius
won several key victories for France during the 1790s (Austria & Italy)
Napoleon found the post revolutionary Directory in disarray
1799- coup d'état – claimed dictatorship

12. Napoleon In 1804 crowned Emperor of France
His next move was to expand France’s power throughout the World

13. Between 1805 and 1813 Napoleon conquered much of Europe
France, Netherlands, Italy, Switzerland
Large influence over Russia, Prussia, Austria

15. Napoleon’s Achievements
National Banking System
Lycees – Secondary schools
Concordat (Agreement) with Pope Pius VII to restore Catholicism to France
Napoleonic Code – law code to systemize France
Limited liberty but promoted order and authority (social contract)
Attempted to maintain control over Haiti and New France – not successful
Sold Louisiana territory to Jefferson (now president) in 1803 for 15 million dollars
With his sights lost in the New World he turns to try to conquer Britain … doesn’t work
Only defeat was the Battle of Trafalgar (naval battle lost to GB – had superior navy)

16. Downfall of Napoleon 3 KEY MISTAKES
Continental System
Peninsular war
Invasion of Russia
April 1814 – Napoleon surrenders – banished to Mediterranean island
March 1815 – Returns to France and people support him
Defeated at Waterloo – known as Napoleon’s Hundred Days (last 100 days)
Exiled to South America this time – dies there
Napoleon

18. Significance
“Ideas about the basis of power and authority had changed permanently as a result of the French Revolution. More and more, people saw democracy as the best way to ensure equality and justice for all. The French Revolution, then, changed the social attitudes and assumptions that had dominated Europe for centuries. A NEW ERA HAD BEGUN.”
Pg. 675

19. Congress of Vienna
Goal: New European Order – “one of collective security and stability for the continent”
8 months and 5 superpowers (Russia, Prussia, Austria, Great Britain, and France)
Minister Klemons von Metternich (Austria) emerged as a significant leader at the meetings.
Actions:
Make small countries around France larger
Legitimacy – restore families to the throne
Results:
C. and E. Europe return to Absolutism
FR and GB will be a constitutional monarchy
1815 – Holy Alliance between Russia, Prussia, and Austria