1. The Toddler With a Major Illness
Chapter 19

2. Sensory/Neurologic Disorders
Eye conditions
Cataracts
Glaucoma
Strabismus
Eye injury and foreign objects in the eye
Eye infections
Nursing care for the child undergoing eye surgery

3. Sensory/Neurologic Disorders (cont.)
Insertion of foreign bodies into the ear or nose
Drowning
Second leading cause of accidental death in children
Head injuries
Primary cause varies with age:
Fall or child abuse: toddlers and young children
MVAs, bicycling, in-line skating: school-age children and adolescents

4. Respiratory Disorders: Croup Syndromes
Spasmodic laryngitis
Acute laryngotracheobronchitis
Epiglottitis

5. Respiratory Disorders: Cystic Fibrosis
Clinical manifestations
Pancreatic involvement
Pulmonary involvement
Other organ involvement
Diagnosis: sweat chloride test
Treatment
Complications arise from respiratory infections

6. Nursing Process for the Child With Cystic Fibrosis
Assessment
Nursing diagnoses
Outcome identification and planning
Implementation
Evaluation

7. Cardiovascular Disorders: Kawasaki Disease
Kawasaki disease (mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome)
Clinical manifestations
Diagnosis
Treatment and nursing care
Cause by infectious agent
Major concern is development of cardiac involvement

8. Cardiovascular Disorders: Kawasaki Disease (cont.)
Stages of disease
Acute
Subacute
Convalescent

9. Gastrointestinal Disorders
Celiac syndrome: the complex of malabsorptive disorders
Ingestion of toxic substances
Emergency treatment
Treatment steps in order of importance
Lead poisoning (plumbism)
Sources
Ingestion of foreign objects

10. Integumentary Disorders: Burns
Major causes: hot liquids, fire, and electricity
Types:
Superficial or first-degree burns
Partial-thickness or second-degree burns
Full-thickness or third-degree burns

11. Treatment of Burns Emergency treatment Superficial burns
Partial- and full-thickness burns
Hypovolemic shock occurs within the first 48 hours after a burn

12. Scalding Burns

13. Full-Thickness Burns

14. Treatment of Moderate to Severe Burns: First Phase (48 to 72 Hours)
Airway
Intravenous fluids
Oral fluids
Urine output and diuresis
Infection control
Wound care
Grafting

15. Burns Complications Long-term care
Nursing process: see Nursing Care Plan 19.1

16. Psychosocial Disorders
Autism
Clinical manifestations
Diagnosis
Treatment goals:
Promotion of normal development
Language development
Social interaction
Learning
Nursing care