1. Brave New World

2. Where we left off:
Europe wanted to find a faster sailing route to Asia
Spain/Christopher Columbus discovered the existence of North and South America
The Church wanted all indigenous people to be converted to the Catholic faith

3. A few short decades after Europeans began exploring the world, they became aware of new lands and people.
Today we'll learn how the attitudes of 
Europeans affected their treatment of the people with whom they came into contact.

4. Terms
Imperialism: Extension of power over a territory, including its resources and people
Indigenous: - someone born in a country the first inhabitants of an area
Immunity: resistance to disease
Patriotism: a country where the people are 
extremely proud of their country, and are willing to defend it against enemies.

5. Events
The Treaty of Tordesillas was when Portugal and 
Spain were fighting over where each country could explore. Since they couldn't agree, they asked the Pope to settle the argument for them. The Pope suggested a secret treaty called The Treaty of Tordesillas.
The Treaty of Tordesillas stated that Spain could 
have all the land West of an imaginary line, while 
Portugal could have all the land East of this line.

7. Events Cont’
Needless to say, when other 
European rulers found out about 
the "secret" treaty, they were 
angry.
They felt that Spain and 
Portugal had no right to claim all 
of the land, without consulting 
other countries.
And yet, what gave Europeans 
the idea that they had the right to 
divide up the world among 
themselves?

8. Events Cont’
The territories in Central and South America claimed by Christopher Columbus became known as New Spain.
The Spanish government would give land to people who wanted to settle in New Spain to mine for precious metals. They also set up plantations to grow crops which they would export across the ocean, back to Spain.

9. Events Cont’
Meanwhile, the Indigenous people of New Spain were enslaved by the Spanish land owners, and forced to work under terrible conditions.
Literally millions of people were worked to death.

10. Events Cont’
When the Spanish conquered the Aztec and the Incan empires (the indigenous people in New Spain), they became extremely wealthy.
Thousands of tonnes of gold, 
silver and emeralds were 
shipped from New Spain, 
across the ocean to Spain. 
Spain became the richest 
country in Europe for many 
years.

11. Events Cont’
Meanwhile, Queen Elizabeth I, who was a well educated monarch in England changed the role England played in the world. Under Queen Elizabeth's reign, England was able to defeat Spain which was the most powerful country in Europe at the time. She did this through supporting England's navy, and they were able to defeat Spain in a naval battle.

12. Events Cont’
Queen Elizabeth I also encouraged England to become involved in trading, which led it to become prosperous.

13. Concepts/Ideas
The expansionist worldview turned into "Imperialism". Portugal, Spain and other European countries wanted more than to expand their world - they wanted power over all territory, resources and people they came across.

14. Concepts/Ideas Cont’ The cost of Imperialism
-By 1600, less than 10% of the original population of the America's were still alive
-90 million indigenous people died during this time, due to the actions of the Europeans
-Diseases such as smallpox, measles, influenza, bubonic plague, yellow fever, cholera and malaria were brought over to the Americas by the Europeans. The indigenous people had no immunity to the diseases brought over by the Europeans.

15. Concepts/Ideas Cont’
Europeans thought many people were heroes, such as Christopher Columbus and Francis Drake (a man who would steal riches from the Spanish ships for England).
And yet, imagine if you were one of the indigenous people. These indigenous people did not find the Europeans to be heroes, instead they thought of them as villains.

16. Concepts/Ideas Cont’
Europeans were fascinated by 
the Indigenous people and 
were very curious about them, 
and yet they felt they were far 
superior to the Indigenous 
people of the Americas. Europeans believed they needed the resources of the Americas in order to support the European economy.

17. Concepts/Ideas Cont’
The military and economic success of England, 
gave its people a sense of confidence and pride. 
Their sense of identity became linked with the 
achievements of their country.
England is still a powerful and patriotic country 
to this day.

18. Who
Queen Elizabeth I contributed to England 
transforming into a prosperous trading country and a world power.
The Queen of England at the end of the Renaissance
The first Queen to be named Elizabeth (the current Queen of England is named after her).

19. Who Cont’
Francis Drake: an English captain (of a ship) who would raid the slower 
Spanish Ships for treasure.
Francis Drake was the first English man to circumnavigate the globe.

20. Who Cont’
Queen Elizabeth I, supported the illegal act of ship raiding, because she saw this as a way to cut the Spanish profits, and earn off of them.
Francis Drake was known as "the master thief” because he was so good at stealing from the Spanish ships.

21. Who Cont’
William Shakespeare was a famous playwright in England during the end of the Renaissance. He has shaped the way literature is written, and influences stories and plays to this day. 
Shakespeare wrote some of the most well known plays, that are still performed to this day. Much of his stories included history, stories about the monarchy, and examined human emotions.
After the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, he was able to thrive in England as the artistic Renaissance finally took place in England.

22. Worldview Renaissance European Worldview: Indigenous Worldview:
"We are fascinated by the indigenous people we have 
discovered and are continuing to discover. We must show them our way of life, introduce them to our technologies and religion and make them conform to our way of life. This is the only way these people will become civilized."
Indigenous Worldview:
"We have tried to introduce ourselves peacefully and 
treat the newcomers with respect. We feel the newcomers have only treated us unfairly by stealing our 
land, treating us with violence and forcing their way of life upon us. Is there not a way we could live in 
agreement and harmony? Could we not learn from each other?"