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Unit 2 New Industry and Big Cities

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1 Unit 2 New Industry and Big Cities
Part 5

2 I. Factory Workers during Industrialization

3  the number of people in cities & factory jobs
factory workers needed little or no skill to work - workers could be replaced easily workers had little bargaining power with their employer  number of labor unions

4 A. Knights of Labor 1869 an organization of individuals open to all workers 1879 Terence Powderly = leader of K of L workers should set up own mines, factories, and RR’s believed in solving worker/owner disputes with negotiation against strikes over 700,000 members

5

6 B. Haymarket Square Chicago 1886
workers from McCormick Harvesting Machine Company struck for an 8 hour day police came - one striker killed several wounded

7 next day - anarchists spoke up against police & treatment of workers
police break up the meeting - someone threw a bomb at police - 7 police die - 4 workers die

8 C. Result of Haymarket Square
four anarchists tried and executed for murder public upset with violent actions - blame the K of L Knights of Labor power 

9 D. The American Federation of Labor (AFL)
founded by Samuel Gompers made up of skilled workers who had belonged to national trade unions gain better working conditions higher pay & shorter hours favored the use of strikes 1900 AFL = leading union in the US

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