1. Cell Transport

2. PLASMA MEMBRANE

3. Structure Cell or Plasma membrane =
Polar PHOSPHATE HEADS - which are water-loving (hydrophilic)
Nonpolar FATTY ACID TAILS -
are hydrophobic (water-fearing)
Cell or Plasma membrane =
(AKA – PHOSPHOLIPID bilayer
Structure
CARBOHYDRATE
PLASMA
PERIPHERAL PROTEIN
Membrane
PHOSPHOLIPID
INTEGRAL PROTEIN

4. Fluid Mosaic Model The plasma membrane is FLUID not rigid or unmoving.
It is made up of many parts like a mosaic.
The majority of the cell membrane is made up of PHOSPHOLIPIDS
PLASMA
Membrane

5. PLASMA
Membrane
Function
Main Function is to CONTROLS WHAT GOES IN & OUT OF THE CELL to maintain homeostasis.
Homeostasis – MAINTAINING A STABLE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT EVEN IF THE OUTSIDE CHANGES
The plasma membrane is SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE, which means only certain substances can get through
Plasma Membrane Animation

6. Cholesterol (Steroids)
Parts of the Membrane:
TYPES:
FUNCTION:
PICTURES:
LIPIDS
Phospholipids
Polar versus Nonpolar
Cholesterol (Steroids)
Hydrophillic: WATER LOVING (POLAR) PHOSPHATE HEADS
Hydrophobic: WATER FEARING (NONPOLAR) FATTY ACID TAILS
Keep the membrane fluid
IF THE TEMP IS TOO HOT THE MEMBRANE DOESN’T FALL APART AND IF TOO COLD THEN IT DOESN’T FREEZE UP
Polars and nonpolars DON’T mix!!!
Nonpolar
Polar

7. Parts of the Membrane:
TYPES:
FUNCTION:
PICTURES:
PROTEINS
Integral
Peripheral
PROTEINS THAT GO ALL THE WAY THROUGH THE MEMBRANE TO TRANSPORT THINGS
PROTEINS THAT ARE ON THE EDGE OF THE MEMBRANE THAT RECEIVE SIGNALS
CARBOHYDRATES
IDENTIFY A CELL (NAME TAG)

8. Matching

9. The CELL (PLASMA) MEMBRANE separates the cell from its surroundings.
The plasma is made up of three of the four organic compounds, they are PROTEINS, LIPIDS and CARBOHYDRATES.
Which type of organic compounds makes up the majority of the cell membrane? LIPIDS (PHOSPHOLIPIDS)
The heads of the plasma membrane are HYDROPHILIC which means they are water loving.
The tails of the plasma membrane are HYDROPHOBIC which means they are water fearing.

10. 5. The cell membrane is also called the FLUID MOSAIC model.
6. How many layers make up the cell membrane? TWO (BILAYER)
7. What type of compound forms channels that allow large molecules to pass through the membrane? PROTEIN
8. Which type of compound acts as an identification marker? CARBOHYDRATE
9. What are the primary functions of the cell membrane? CONTROL WHAT ENTERS AND LEAVES
write these:
Small molecules go directly thru the membrane.
Large molecules and water use a protein channel.

11. PASSIVE TRANSPORT

12. Hill Diagram High Low Passive Transport Active Transport - no energy
D = Diffusion – high to low
O = Osmosis – water transport
F = Facilitated Diffusion – through protein
Active Transport
– needs energy (ATP)
P = Pump – protein channel
E = Endocytosis – move into cell
E = Exocytosis – move out of cell
High
Low

13. Passive 3 Types Doesn’t require ENERGY
occurs because there is a CONCENTRATION GRADIENT_
movement is from HIGH concentration to LOW concentration
3 Types
DIFFUSION
OSMOSIS
FACILITATED DIFFUSION
Before After
A B A B
molecules move to side B and become EQUAL
Cell
Transport

14. Passive Transport
Dilute
Concentrated
Equilibrium

15. Selectively Permeable
Membrane
Diffusion
Osmosis

16. Miscellaneous terms
SOLUTE
Part of a solution that is dissolved (Salt)
The dots are the solute and solvent is the white space or water. The water dissolves the dots.
SOLVENT
Part of a solution that does the dissolving (Water)
HYPERTONIC
a solution with a higher concentration than another solution. (Water out & cell will shrink)
HYPOTONIC
a solution with a lower concentration than another solution. (Water in & cell will grow)
water
water

17. water Miscellaneous terms
ISOTONIC
a solution with an equal concentration to another solution (Water moves in & out & stays the same size)
CYTOLYSIS
the bursting of an animal cell when placed in a hypotonic solution.
PLASMOLYSIS
the shrinking of a plant cell placed in a hypertonic solution.
TURGOR PRESSURE
the force that pushes out on a plant’s cell wall when it is placed into a hypotonic solution.
water

19. FACILITATED DIFFUSION
Term
Definition
Example/Picture
Passive Transport
DIFFUSION
Movement of molecules (dots) from high concentration to low concentration
The circle is a cell. Dots are molecules and white space is water.
OSMOSIS
Movement of water (white space) from where there is more water to where there is less. In other words the water moves to dilute the dots.
Causes a cell to shrink or swell.
FACILITATED DIFFUSION
Movement of molecules (dots) from high concentration to low concentration but through a protein channel in the cell membrane
dots
water
dots
Protein
channel

20. Cell Transport Practice
Use each diagram below to answer the questions about the movement of molecules across the cell membrane.
The process taking place is osmosis
The dots represent sugar molecules
What molecules are moving in this example? WATER
Draw the arrows on the diagram above to show the direction of movement in this example.
What will happen to this cell? IT WILL SWELL OR GROW

21. The process taking place is facilitated diffusion
The dots represent Calcium ions (Ca+)
4. What molecules are moving in this example? CALCIUM IONS
Draw the arrows on the diagram above to show the direction of movement in this example.
What does the calcium have to go through? PROTEIN CHANNEL

22. 7. What molecules are moving in this example? OXYGEN
The process taking place is diffusion
The dots represent oxygen (O2).
7. What molecules are moving in this example? OXYGEN
Draw the arrows on the diagram above to show the direction of movement in this example.
All three of the above problems are examples of what type of transport, passive or active???? How do you know?
PASSIVE TRANSPORT BECAUSE THE MOLECULES MOVE FROM HIGH TO LOW AND NO ENERGY NEEDED.

23. ACTIVE TRANSPORT

24. Active 3 Types Requires ENERGY (ATP)
Movement is against the CONCENTRATION GRADIENT, from LOW concentration to HIGH concentration
3 Types
PUMP
ENDOCYTOSIS
EXOCYTOSIS
Before After A B A B
molecules move to side A and become more CONCENTRATED
Cell
Transport
Active Transport
Endocytosis
Phagocytosis
Exocytosis

25. Active Transport
PUMP
Movement of large or charged particles from low concentration to high concentration through a protein channel
ENDOCYTOSIS
Movement of larger particles into the cell
EXOCYTOSIS
Movement of larger particles outside the cell
Protein channel
dots

27. What is moving? PROTEINS
The process taking place is exocytosis
The dots (particles) represent proteins; the space represents water
What is moving? PROTEINS
Draw the arrows on the diagram above to show the direction of movement in this example.
All three of the above problems are examples of what type of transport, passive or active???? How do you know?
ACTIVE TRANSPORT BECAUSE MOLECULES GO FROM LOW TO HIGH AND ENERGY IS NEEDED.

28. Cell Transport Video